STRTOL(3) BSD Library Functions Manual STRTOL(3)
NAME
strtol, strtoll, strtoimax, strtoq -- convert a string value to a long, long long, intmax_t or quad_t integer
LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
long
strtol(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base);
long long
strtoll(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base);
#include <inttypes.h>
intmax_t
strtoimax(const char * restrict nptr, char ** restrict endptr, int base);
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
quad_t
strtoq(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);
DESCRIPTION
The strtol() function converts the string in nptr to a long value. The strtoll() function converts the string in nptr to a long long value.
The strtoimax() function converts the string in nptr to an intmax_t value. The strtoq() function converts the string in nptr to a quad_t
value. The conversion is done according to the given base, which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be the special value 0.
The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as determined by isspace(3)) followed by a single optional '+' or '-' sign. If
base is zero or 16, the string may then include a ``0x'' prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero base is taken as
10 (decimal) unless the next character is '0', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
The remainder of the string is converted to a long, long long, intmax_t or quad_t value in the obvious manner, stopping at the first charac-
ter which is not a valid digit in the given base. (In bases above 10, the letter 'A' in either upper or lower case represents 10, 'B' repre-
sents 11, and so forth, with 'Z' representing 35.)
If endptr is not NULL, strtol() stores the address of the first invalid character in *endptr. If there were no digits at all, however,
strtol() stores the original value of nptr in *endptr. (Thus, if *nptr is not '