atf-check(1) [freebsd man page]
ATF-CHECK(1) BSD General Commands Manual ATF-CHECK(1) NAME
atf-check -- executes a command and analyzes its results SYNOPSIS
atf-check [-s qual:value] [-o action:arg ...] [-e action:arg ...] [-x] command DESCRIPTION
atf-check executes a given command and analyzes its results, including exit code, stdout and stderr. Test cases must use atf-sh(3)'s atf_check builtin function instead of calling this utility directly. In the first synopsis form, atf-check will execute the provided command and apply checks specified by arguments. By default it will act as if it was run with -s exit:0 -o empty -e empty. Multiple checks for the same output channel are allowed and, if specified, their results will be combined as a logical and (meaning that the output must match all the provided checks). In the second synopsis form, atf-check will print information about all supported options and their purpose. The following options are available: -s qual:value Analyzes termination status. Must be one of: exit:<value> checks that the program exited cleanly and that its exit status is equal to value. The exit code can be omit- ted altogether, in which case any clean exit is accepted. ignore ignores the exit check. signal:<value> checks that the program exited due to a signal and that the signal that terminated it is value. The signal can be specified both as a number or as a name, or it can also be omitted altogether, in which case any signal is accepted. Most of these checkers can be prefixed by the 'not-' string, which effectively reverses the check. -o action:arg Analyzes standard output. Must be one of: empty checks that stdout is empty ignore ignores stdout file:<path> compares stdout with given file inline:<value> compares stdout with inline value match:<regexp> looks for a regular expression in stdout save:<path> saves stdout to given file Most of these checkers can be prefixed by the 'not-' string, which effectively reverses the check. -e action:arg Analyzes standard error (syntax identical to above) -x Executes command as a shell command line, executing it with the system shell defined by ATF_SHELL. You should avoid using this flag if at all possible to prevent shell quoting issues. EXIT STATUS
atf-check exits 0 on success, and other (unspecified) value on failure. ENVIRONMENT
ATF_SHELL Path to the system shell to be used when the -x is given to run commands. EXAMPLES
The following are sample invocations from within a test case. Note that we use the atf_check function provided by atf-sh(3) instead of exe- cuting atf-check directly: # Exit code 0, nothing on stdout/stderr atf_check 'true' # Typical usage if failure is expected atf_check -s not-exit:0 'false' # Checking stdout/stderr echo foobar >expout atf_check -o file:expout -e inline:"xx yy " 'echo foobar ; printf "xx yy " >&2' # Checking for a crash atf_check -s signal:sigsegv my_program # Combined checks atf_check -o match:foo -o not-match:bar echo foo baz SEE ALSO
atf-sh(1) BSD
October 5, 2014 BSD
Check Out this Related Man Page
ATF-SH(3) BSD Library Functions Manual ATF-SH(3) NAME
atf_add_test_case, atf_check, atf_check_equal, atf_config_get, atf_config_has, atf_expect_death, atf_expect_exit, atf_expect_fail, atf_expect_pass, atf_expect_signal, atf_expect_timeout, atf_fail, atf_get, atf_get_srcdir, atf_pass, atf_require_prog, atf_set, atf_skip, atf_test_case -- POSIX shell API to write ATF-based test programs SYNOPSIS
atf_add_test_case "name" atf_check "command" atf_check_equal "expected_expression" "actual_expression" atf_config_get "var_name" atf_config_has "var_name" atf_expect_death "reason" "..." atf_expect_exit "exitcode" "reason" "..." atf_expect_fail "reason" "..." atf_expect_pass "" atf_expect_signal "signo" "reason" "..." atf_expect_timeout "reason" "..." atf_fail "reason" atf_get "var_name" atf_get_srcdir atf_pass atf_require_prog "prog_name" atf_set "var_name" "value" atf_skip "reason" atf_test_case "name" "cleanup" DESCRIPTION
ATF provides a simple but powerful interface to easily write test programs in the POSIX shell language. These are extremely helpful given that they are trivial to write due to the language simplicity and the great deal of available external tools, so they are often ideal to test other applications at the user level. Test programs written using this library must be run using the atf-sh(1) interpreter by putting the following on their very first line: #! /usr/bin/env atf-sh Shell-based test programs always follow this template: atf_test_case tc1 tc1_head() { ... first test case's header ... } tc1_body() { ... first test case's body ... } atf_test_case tc2 cleanup tc2_head() { ... second test case's header ... } tc2_body() { ... second test case's body ... } tc2_cleanup() { ... second test case's cleanup ... } ... additional test cases ... atf_init_test_cases() { atf_add_test_case tc1 atf_add_test_case tc2 ... add additional test cases ... } Definition of test cases Test cases have an identifier and are composed of three different parts: the header, the body and an optional cleanup routine, all of which are described in atf-test-case(4). To define test cases, one can use the atf_test_case function, which takes a first parameter specifiying the test case's name and instructs the library to set things up to accept it as a valid test case. The second parameter is optional and, if provided, must be 'cleanup'; providing this parameter allows defining a cleanup routine for the test case. It is important to note that this function does not set the test case up for execution when the program is run. In order to do so, a later registration is needed through the atf_add_test_case function detailed in Program initialization. Later on, one must define the three parts of the body by providing two or three functions (remember that the cleanup routine is optional). These functions are named after the test case's identifier, and are <id>_head, <id>_body and <id>_cleanup. None of these take parameters when executed. Program initialization The test program must define an atf_init_test_cases function, which is in charge of registering the test cases that will be executed at run time by using the atf_add_test_case function, which takes the name of a test case as its single parameter. This main function should not do anything else, except maybe sourcing auxiliary source files that define extra variables and functions. Configuration variables The test case has read-only access to the current configuration variables through the atf_config_has and atf_config_get methods. The former takes a single parameter specifying a variable name and returns a boolean indicating whether the variable is defined or not. The latter can take one or two parameters. If it takes only one, it specifies the variable from which to get the value, and this variable must be defined. If it takes two, the second one specifies a default value to be returned if the variable is not available. Access to the source directory It is possible to get the path to the test case's source directory from anywhere in the test program by using the atf_get_srcdir function. It is interesting to note that this can be used inside atf_init_test_cases to silently include additional helper files from the source direc- tory. Requiring programs Aside from the require.progs meta-data variable available in the header only, one can also check for additional programs in the test case's body by using the atf_require_prog function, which takes the base name or full path of a single binary. Relative paths are forbidden. If it is not found, the test case will be automatically skipped. Test case finalization The test case finalizes either when the body reaches its end, at which point the test is assumed to have passed, or at any explicit call to atf_pass, atf_fail or atf_skip. These three functions terminate the execution of the test case immediately. The cleanup routine will be processed afterwards in a completely automated way, regardless of the test case's termination reason. atf_pass does not take any parameters. atf_fail and atf_skip take a single string parameter that describes why the test case failed or was skipped, respectively. It is very important to provide a clear error message in both cases so that the user can quickly know why the test did not pass. Expectations Everything explained in the previous section changes when the test case expectations are redefined by the programmer. Each test case has an internal state called 'expect' that describes what the test case expectations are at any point in time. The value of this property can change during execution by any of: atf_expect_death "reason" "..." Expects the test case to exit prematurely regardless of the nature of the exit. atf_expect_exit "exitcode" "reason" "..." Expects the test case to exit cleanly. If exitcode is not '-1', the runtime engine will validate that the exit code of the test case matches the one provided in this call. Otherwise, the exact value will be ignored. atf_expect_fail "reason" Any failure raised in this mode is recorded, but such failures do not report the test case as failed; instead, the test case final- izes cleanly and is reported as 'expected failure'; this report includes the provided reason as part of it. If no error is raised while running in this mode, then the test case is reported as 'failed'. This mode is useful to reproduce actual known bugs in tests. Whenever the developer fixes the bug later on, the test case will start reporting a failure, signaling the developer that the test case must be adjusted to the new conditions. In this situation, it is useful, for example, to set reason as the bug number for tracking purposes. atf_expect_pass This is the normal mode of execution. In this mode, any failure is reported as such to the user and the test case is marked as 'failed'. atf_expect_signal "signo" "reason" "..." Expects the test case to terminate due to the reception of a signal. If signo is not '-1', the runtime engine will validate that the signal that terminated the test case matches the one provided in this call. Otherwise, the exact value will be ignored. atf_expect_timeout "reason" "..." Expects the test case to execute for longer than its timeout. Helper functions for common checks atf_check "[options]" "command" "[args]" Executes a command, performs checks on its exit code and its output, and fails the test case if any of the checks is not successful. This function is particularly useful in integration tests that verify the correct functioning of a binary. Internally, this function is just a wrapper over the atf-check(1) tool (whose manual page provides all details on the calling syn- tax). You should always use the atf_check function instead of the atf-check(1) tool in your scripts; the latter is not even in the path. atf_check_equal "expected_expression" "actual_expression" This function takes two expressions, evaluates them and, if their results differ, aborts the test case with an appropriate failure message. The common style is to put the expected value in the first parameter and the actual value in the second parameter. EXAMPLES
The following shows a complete test program with a single test case that validates the addition operator: atf_test_case addition addition_head() { atf_set "descr" "Sample tests for the addition operator" } addition_body() { atf_check_equal 0 $((0 + 0)) atf_check_equal 1 $((0 + 1)) atf_check_equal 1 $((1 + 0)) atf_check_equal 2 $((1 + 1)) atf_check_equal 300 $((100 + 200)) } atf_init_test_cases() { atf_add_test_case addition } This other example shows how to include a file with extra helper functions in the test program: ... definition of test cases ... atf_init_test_cases() { . $(atf_get_srcdir)/helper_functions.sh atf_add_test_case foo1 atf_add_test_case foo2 } This example demonstrates the use of the very useful atf_check function: # Check for silent output atf_check -s exit:0 -o empty -e empty 'true' # Check for silent output and failure atf_check -s exit:1 -o empty -e empty 'false' # Check for known stdout and silent stderr echo foo >expout atf_check -s exit:0 -o file:expout -e empty 'echo foo' # Generate a file for later inspection atf_check -s exit:0 -o save:stdout -e empty 'ls' grep foo ls || atf_fail "foo file not found in listing" # Or just do the match along the way atf_check -s exit:0 -o match:"^foo$" -e empty 'ls' SEE ALSO
atf-check(1), atf-sh(1), atf-test-program(1), atf-test-case(4) BSD
October 13, 2014 BSD