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parprouted(8) [debian man page]

PARPROUTED(8)						     Proxy ARP Bridging Daemon						     PARPROUTED(8)

NAME

       parprouted - Proxy ARP IP bridging daemon

SYNOPSIS

       parprouted [-d] [-p] interface [interface]

DESCRIPTION

       parprouted is a daemon for transparent IP (Layer 3) proxy ARP bridging.	Unlike standard bridging, proxy ARP bridging allows to bridge Eth-
       ernet networks behind wireless nodes. Normal L2 bridging does not work between wireless nodes because wireless does not know about MAC
       addresses used in the wired Ethernet networks. Also this daemon is useful for making transparent firewalls.

       The daemon listens for incoming ARP requests, and in case the location of the requested IP address is unknown, forwards them to other
       interfaces, as well as updates kernel ARP table with the received replies. When necessary, the daemon generates an ARP reply itself, which
       causes the stations to send traffic to the host daemon is running on. By automatically adding appropriate /32 routes to Linux kernel IP
       routing table for the hosts learned via ARP, daemon ensures that the Linux kernel will be able to route the packets to the destination host
       when it receives them without any need routing/subnetting manually.

       All routes entered by the daemon have a metric of 50.

       Unless you use -p switch, all entries in the ARP table will be refreshed (rechecked by sending ARP requests) every 50 seconds. This keeps
       them from being expired by kernel.

       Normally it takes about 60 ms for a bridge to update all its tables and start sending packets to the destination.

REQUIREMENTS

       This daemon can be used for unicast traffic only. I.e., DHCP is not supported.  Use software such as dhcrelay to "bridge" DHCP.

       You should have an IP address assigned on all of your interfaces that you do bridging on. There is no need for this address to be from the
       same networks as the bridged networks. Any dummy address will do.

       The system should have correct default route.

       parprouted requires "ip" program from iproute2 tools to be installed in /sbin. If it is installed in another location, please replace
       "/sbin/ip" occurances in the source with the correct path. As well you should have proc filesystem mounted in /proc because the daemon uses
       /proc/net/arp.

       parprouted is designed for and tested only with Linux 2.4.x kernels.

OPTIONS

       The list of interfaces to do bridging on should be given via the command line.

       The daemon accepts the following switches:

       -d, which stands for debugging. If you run it in debugging mode the daemon will not go to background and will print additional debugging
       information to stdout/stderr.

       -p, which makes all ARP entries to be permanent. This will also result in that ARP tables will not be refreshed by ARP pings.

EXAMPLE

       To bridge between wlan0 and eth0: parprouted eth0 wlan0

AUTHOR

	(C) 2004, Vladimir Ivaschenko <vi@maks.net>
	http://www.hazard.maks.net

parprouted							   January 2004 						     PARPROUTED(8)

Check Out this Related Man Page

arp(1M) 						  System Administration Commands						   arp(1M)

NAME

       arp - address resolution display and control

SYNOPSIS

       arp hostname

       arp -a [-n]

       arp -d hostname

       arp -f filename

       arp -s hostname ether_address [temp] [pub] [trail]

DESCRIPTION

       The arp program displays and modifies the Internet-to-MAC address translation tables used by the address resolution protocol (see arp(7P)).

       With  no flags, the program displays the current ARP entry for hostname. The host may be specified by name or by number, using Internet dot
       notation.

OPTIONS

       -a	Display all of the current ARP entries. The definition for the flags in the table are:

		M	 Mapping; only used for the multicast entry for 224.0.0.0

		P	 Publish; includes IP address for the machine and the addresses that have explicitly been added by the -s option. ARP will
			 respond to ARP requests for this address.

		S	 Static; not learned for the ARP protocol.

		U	 Unresolved; waiting for ARP response.

		You  can  use the -n option with the -a option to disable the automatic numeric IP address-to-name translation. Use arp -an or arp
		-na to display numeric IP addresses.

       -d	Delete an entry for the host called hostname. This option may only be used by the super-user.

       -f	Read the file named filename and set multiple entries in the ARP tables. Entries in the file should be of the form:

		hostname MACaddress [temp] [pub] [trail]

		See the -s option for argument definitions.

       -s	Create an ARP entry for the host called hostname with the MAC address MACaddress.  For example, an Ethernet address  is  given	as
		six  hexadecimal  bytes separated by colons. The entry will be permanent unless the word temp is given in the command. If the word
		pub is given, the entry will be published. For instance, this system will respond to ARP requests for  hostname  even  though  the
		hostname  is  not its own. The word trail indicates that trailer encapsulations may be sent to this host. arp -s can be used for a
		limited form of proxy ARP when a host on one of the directly attached networks is not physically present on  the  subnet.  Another
		machine can then be configured to respond to ARP requests using arp -s. This is useful in certain SLIP configurations.

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Availability		     |SUNWcsu			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       ifconfig(1M), arp(7P), attributes(5)

SunOS 5.10							    7 Mar 2003								   arp(1M)
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