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stapprobes(3stap) [debian man page]

STAPPROBES(3stap)														 STAPPROBES(3stap)

NAME
stapprobes - systemtap probe points DESCRIPTION
The following sections enumerate the variety of probe points supported by the systemtap translator, and some of the additional aliases defined by standard tapset scripts. Many are individually documented in the 3stap manual section, with the probe:: prefix. The general probe point syntax is a dotted-symbol sequence. This allows a breakdown of the event namespace into parts, somewhat like the Domain Name System does on the Internet. Each component identifier may be parametrized by a string or number literal, with a syntax like a function call. A component may include a "*" character, to expand to a set of matching probe points. It may also include "**" to match multiple sequential components at once. Probe aliases likewise expand to other probe points. Each and every resulting probe point is nor- mally resolved to some low-level system instrumentation facility (e.g., a kprobe address, marker, or a timer configuration), otherwise the elaboration phase will fail. However, a probe point may be followed by a "?" character, to indicate that it is optional, and that no error should result if it fails to resolve. Optionalness passes down through all levels of alias/wildcard expansion. Alternately, a probe point may be followed by a "!" character, to indicate that it is both optional and sufficient. (Think vaguely of the Prolog cut operator.) If it does resolve, then no further probe points in the same comma-separated list will be resolved. Therefore, the "!" sufficiency mark only makes sense in a list of probe point alternatives. Additionally, a probe point may be followed by a "if (expr)" statement, in order to enable/disable the probe point on-the-fly. With the "if" statement, if the "expr" is false when the probe point is hit, the whole probe body including alias's body is skipped. The condition is stacked up through all levels of alias/wildcard expansion. So the final condition becomes the logical-and of conditions of all expanded alias/wildcard. These are all syntactically valid probe points. (They are generally semantically invalid, depending on the contents of the tapsets, and the versions of kernel/user software installed.) kernel.function("foo").return process("/bin/vi").statement(0x2222) end syscall.* sys**open kernel.function("no_such_function") ? module("awol").function("no_such_function") ! signal.*? if (switch) kprobe.function("foo") Probes may be broadly classified into "synchronous" and "asynchronous". A "synchronous" event is deemed to occur when any processor exe- cutes an instruction matched by the specification. This gives these probes a reference point (instruction address) from which more contex- tual data may be available. Other families of probe points refer to "asynchronous" events such as timers/counters rolling over, where there is no fixed reference point that is related. Each probe point specification may match multiple locations (for example, using wild- cards or aliases), and all them are then probed. A probe declaration may also contain several comma-separated specifications, all of which are probed. DWARF DEBUGINFO
Resolving some probe points requires DWARF debuginfo or "debug symbols" for the specific part being instrumented. For some others, DWARF is automatically synthesized on the fly from source code header files. For others, it is not needed at all. Since a systemtap script may use any mixture of probe points together, the union of their DWARF requirements has to be met on the computer where script compilation oc- curs. (See the --use-server option and the stap-server(8) man page for information about the remote compilation facility, which allows these requirements to be met on a different machine.) The following point lists many of the available probe point families, to classify them with respect to their need for DWARF debuginfo. DWARF NON-DWARF kernel.function, .statement kernel.mark module.function, .statement process.mark process.function, .statement begin, end, error, never process.mark (backup) timer perf procfs AUTO-DWARF kernel.statement.absolute kernel.data kernel.trace kprobe.function process.statement.absolute process.begin, .end, .error PROBE POINT FAMILIES
BEGIN/END/ERROR The probe points begin and end are defined by the translator to refer to the time of session startup and shutdown. All "begin" probe han- dlers are run, in some sequence, during the startup of the session. All global variables will have been initialized prior to this point. All "end" probes are run, in some sequence, during the normal shutdown of a session, such as in the aftermath of an exit () function call, or an interruption from the user. In the case of an error-triggered shutdown, "end" probes are not run. There are no target variables available in either context. If the order of execution among "begin" or "end" probes is significant, then an optional sequence number may be provided: begin(N) end(N) The number N may be positive or negative. The probe handlers are run in increasing order, and the order between handlers with the same se- quence number is unspecified. When "begin" or "end" are given without a sequence, they are effectively sequence zero. The error probe point is similar to the end probe, except that each such probe handler run when the session ends after errors have oc- curred. In such cases, "end" probes are skipped, but each "error" probe is still attempted. This kind of probe can be used to clean up or emit a "final gasp". It may also be numerically parametrized to set a sequence. NEVER The probe point never is specially defined by the translator to mean "never". Its probe handler is never run, though its statements are analyzed for symbol / type correctness as usual. This probe point may be useful in conjunction with optional probes. SYSCALL The syscall.* aliases define several hundred probes, too many to summarize here. They are: syscall.NAME syscall.NAME.return Generally, two probes are defined for each normal system call as listed in the syscalls(2) manual page, one for entry and one for return. Those system calls that never return do not have a corresponding .return probe. Each probe alias provides a variety of variables. Looking at the tapset source code is the most reliable way. Generally, each variable listed in the standard manual page is made available as a script-level variable, so syscall.open exposes filename, flags, and mode. In ad- dition, a standard suite of variables is available at most aliases: argstr A pretty-printed form of the entire argument list, without parentheses. name The name of the system call. retstr For return probes, a pretty-printed form of the system-call result. As usual for probe aliases, these variables are all simply initialized once from the underlying $context variables, so that later changes to $context variables are not automatically reflected. Not all probe aliases obey all of these general guidelines. Please report any bothersome ones you encounter as a bug. TIMERS Intervals defined by the standard kernel "jiffies" timer may be used to trigger probe handlers asynchronously. Two probe point variants are supported by the translator: timer.jiffies(N) timer.jiffies(N).randomize(M) The probe handler is run every N jiffies (a kernel-defined unit of time, typically between 1 and 60 ms). If the "randomize" component is given, a linearly distributed random value in the range [-M..+M] is added to N every time the handler is run. N is restricted to a reason- able range (1 to around a million), and M is restricted to be smaller than N. There are no target variables provided in either context. It is possible for such probes to be run concurrently on a multi-processor computer. Alternatively, intervals may be specified in units of time. There are two probe point variants similar to the jiffies timer: timer.ms(N) timer.ms(N).randomize(M) Here, N and M are specified in milliseconds, but the full options for units are seconds (s/sec), milliseconds (ms/msec), microseconds (us/usec), nanoseconds (ns/nsec), and hertz (hz). Randomization is not supported for hertz timers. The actual resolution of the timers depends on the target kernel. For kernels prior to 2.6.17, timers are limited to jiffies resolution, so intervals are rounded up to the nearest jiffies interval. After 2.6.17, the implementation uses hrtimers for tighter precision, though the actual resolution will be arch-dependent. In either case, if the "randomize" component is given, then the random value will be added to the interval before any rounding occurs. Profiling timers are also available to provide probes that execute on all CPUs at the rate of the system tick (CONFIG_HZ). This probe takes no parameters. timer.profile Full context information of the interrupted process is available, making this probe suitable for a time-based sampling profiler. DWARF This family of probe points uses symbolic debugging information for the target kernel/module/program, as may be found in unstripped exe- cutables, or the separate debuginfo packages. They allow placement of probes logically into the execution path of the target program, by specifying a set of points in the source or object code. When a matching statement executes on any processor, the probe handler is run in that context. Points in a kernel, which are identified by module, source file, line number, function name, or some combination of these. Here is a list of probe point families currently supported. The .function variant places a probe near the beginning of the named function, so that parameters are available as context variables. The .return variant places a probe at the moment after the return from the named function, so the return value is available as the "$return" context variable. The .inline modifier for .function filters the results to include only instances of inlined functions. The .call modifier selects the opposite subset. The extbf{.exported} modifier filters the results to include only exported functions. Inline functions do not have an identifiable return point, so .return is not supported on .in- line probes. The .statement variant places a probe at the exact spot, exposing those local variables that are visible there. kernel.function(PATTERN) kernel.function(PATTERN).call kernel.function(PATTERN).return kernel.function(PATTERN).inline kernel.function(PATTERN).label(LPATTERN) module(MPATTERN).function(PATTERN) module(MPATTERN).function(PATTERN).call module(MPATTERN).function(PATTERN).return module(MPATTERN).function(PATTERN).inline module(MPATTERN).function(PATTERN).label(LPATTERN) kernel.statement(PATTERN) kernel.statement(ADDRESS).absolute module(MPATTERN).statement(PATTERN) process("PATH").function("NAME") process("PATH").statement("*@FILE.c:123") process("PATH").library("PATH").function("NAME") process("PATH").library("PATH").statement("*@FILE.c:123") process("PATH").function("*").return process("PATH").function("myfun").label("foo") process(PID).statement(ADDRESS).absolute (See the USER-SPACE section below for more information on the process probes.) In the above list, MPATTERN stands for a string literal that aims to identify the loaded kernel module of interest and LPATTERN stands for a source program label. Both MPATTERN and LPATTERN may include the "*" "[]", and "?" wildcards. PATTERN stands for a string literal that aims to identify a point in the program. It is made up of three parts: o The first part is the name of a function, as would appear in the nm program's output. This part may use the "*" and "?" wildcarding operators to match multiple names. o The second part is optional and begins with the "@" character. It is followed by the path to the source file containing the function, which may include a wildcard pattern, such as mm/slab*. If it does not match as is, an implicit "*/" is optionally added before the pattern, so that a script need only name the last few components of a possibly long source directory path. o Finally, the third part is optional if the file name part was given, and identifies the line number in the source file preceded by a ":" or a "+". The line number is assumed to be an absolute line number if preceded by a ":", or relative to the entry of the function if preceded by a "+". All the lines in the function can be matched with ":*". A range of lines x through y can be matched with ":x-y". As an alternative, PATTERN may be a numeric constant, indicating an address. Such an address may be found from symbol tables of the appro- priate kernel / module object file. It is verified against known statement code boundaries, and will be relocated for use at run time. In guru mode only, absolute kernel-space addresses may be specified with the ".absolute" suffix. Such an address is considered already re- located, as if it came from /proc/kallsyms, so it cannot be checked against statement/instruction boundaries. CONTEXT VARIABLES Many of the source-level context variables, such as function parameters, locals, globals visible in the compilation unit, may be visible to probe handlers. They may refer to these variables by prefixing their name with "$" within the scripts. In addition, a special syntax al- lows limited traversal of structures, pointers, and arrays. More syntax allows pretty-printing of individual variables or their groups. See also @cast. $var refers to an in-scope variable "var". If it's an integer-like type, it will be cast to a 64-bit int for systemtap script use. String-like pointers (char *) may be copied to systemtap string values using the kernel_string or user_string functions. $var->field traversal via a structure's or a pointer's field. This generalized indirection operator may be repeated to follow more levels. Note that the . operator is not used for plain structure members, only -> for both purposes. (This is because "." is reserved for string concatenation.) $return is available in return probes only for functions that are declared with a return value. $var[N] indexes into an array. The index given with a literal number or even an arbitrary numeric expression. A number of operators exist for such basic context variable expressions: $$vars expands to a character string that is equivalent to sprintf("parm1=%x ... parmN=%x var1=%x ... varN=%x", parm1, ..., parmN, var1, ..., varN) for each variable in scope at the probe point. Some values may be printed as =? if their run-time location cannot be found. $$locals expands to a subset of $$vars for only local variables. $$parms expands to a subset of $$vars for only function parameters. $$return is available in return probes only. It expands to a string that is equivalent to sprintf("return=%x", $return) if the probed func- tion has a return value, or else an empty string. & $EXPR expands to the address of the given context variable expression, if it is addressable. @defined($EXPR) expands to 1 or 0 iff the given context variable expression is resolvable, for use in conditionals such as @defined($foo->bar) ? $foo->bar : 0 $EXPR$ expands to a string with all of $EXPR's members, equivalent to sprintf("{.a=%i, .b=%u, .c={...}, .d=[...]}", $EXPR->a, $EXPR->b) $EXPR$$ expands to a string with all of $var's members and submembers, equivalent to sprintf("{.a=%i, .b=%u, .c={.x=%p, .y=%c}, .d=[%i, ...]}", $EXPR->a, $EXPR->b, $EXPR->c->x, $EXPR->c->y, $EXPR->d[0]) For ".return" probes, context variables other than the "$return" value itself are only available for the function call parameters. The ex- pressions evaluate to the entry-time values of those variables, since that is when a snapshot is taken. Other local variables are not gen- erally accessible, since by the time a ".return" probe hits, the probed function will have already returned. Arbitrary entry-time expressions can also be saved for ".return" probes using the @entry(expr) operator. For example, one can compute the elapsed time of a function: probe kernel.function("do_filp_open").return { println( get_timeofday_us() - @entry(get_timeofday_us()) ) } DWARFLESS In absence of debugging information, entry & exit points of kernel & module functions can be probed using the "kprobe" family of probes. However, these do not permit looking up the arguments / local variables of the function. Following constructs are supported : kprobe.function(FUNCTION) kprobe.function(FUNCTION).return kprobe.module(NAME).function(FUNCTION) kprobe.module(NAME).function(FUNCTION).return kprobe.statement.(ADDRESS).absolute Probes of type function are recommended for kernel functions, whereas probes of type module are recommended for probing functions of the specified module. In case the absolute address of a kernel or module function is known, statement probes can be utilized. Note that FUNCTION and MODULE names must not contain wildcards, or the probe will not be registered. Also, statement probes must be run under guru-mode only. USER-SPACE Support for user-space probing is available for kernels that are configured with the utrace extensions. See http://people.redhat.com/roland/utrace/ There are several forms. First, a non-symbolic probe point: process(PID).statement(ADDRESS).absolute is analogous to kernel.statement(ADDRESS).absolute in that both use raw (unverified) virtual addresses and provide no $variables. The tar- get PID parameter must identify a running process, and ADDRESS should identify a valid instruction address. All threads of that process will be probed. Second, non-symbolic user-kernel interface events handled by utrace may be probed: process(PID).begin process("FULLPATH").begin process.begin process(PID).thread.begin process("FULLPATH").thread.begin process.thread.begin process(PID).end process("FULLPATH").end process.end process(PID).thread.end process("FULLPATH").thread.end process.thread.end process(PID).syscall process("FULLPATH").syscall process.syscall process(PID).syscall.return process("FULLPATH").syscall.return process.syscall.return process(PID).insn process("FULLPATH").insn process(PID).insn.block process("FULLPATH").insn.block A .begin probe gets called when new process described by PID or FULLPATH gets created. A .thread.begin probe gets called when a new thread described by PID or FULLPATH gets created. A .end probe gets called when process described by PID or FULLPATH dies. A .thread.end probe gets called when a thread described by PID or FULLPATH dies. A .syscall probe gets called when a thread described by PID or FULLPATH makes a system call. The system call number is available in the $syscall context variable, and the first 6 arguments of the system call are available in the $argN (ex. $arg1, $arg2, ...) context variable. A .syscall.return probe gets called when a thread described by PID or FULLPATH returns from a system call. The system call number is available in the $syscall context variable, and the return value of the system call is available in the $return context variable. A .insn probe gets called for every single-stepped instruction of the process described by PID or FULLPATH. A .insn.block probe gets called for every block-stepped instruction of the process described by PID or FULL- PATH. If a process probe is specified without a PID or FULLPATH, all user threads will be probed. However, if systemtap was invoked with the -c or -x options, then process probes are restricted to the process hierarchy associated with the target process. If a process probe is spec- ified without a PID or FULLPATH, but with the -c option, the PATH of the -c cmd will be heuristically filled into the process PATH. Third, symbolic static instrumentation compiled into programs and shared libraries may be probed: process("PATH").mark("LABEL") process("PATH").provider("PROVIDER").mark("LABEL") A .mark probe gets called via a static probe which is defined in the application by STAP_PROBE1(PROVIDER,LABEL,arg1), which is defined in sdt.h. The handle is an application handle, LABEL corresponds to the .mark argument, and arg1 is the argument. STAP_PROBE1 is used for probes with 1 argument, STAP_PROBE2 is used for probes with 2 arguments, and so on. The arguments of the probe are available in the con- text variables $arg1, $arg2, ... An alternative to using the STAP_PROBE macros is to use the dtrace script to create custom macros. Addi- tionally, the variables $$name and $$provider are available as parts of the probe point name. Finally, full symbolic source-level probes in user-space programs and shared libraries are supported. These are exactly analogous to the symbolic DWARF-based kernel/module probes described above, and expose similar contextual $variables. process("PATH").function("NAME") process("PATH").statement("*@FILE.c:123") process("PATH").plt("NAME") process("PATH").library("PATH").plt("NAME") process("PATH").library("PATH").function("NAME") process("PATH").library("PATH").statement("*@FILE.c:123") process("PATH").function("*").return process("PATH").function("myfun").label("foo") Note that for all process probes, PATH names refer to executables that are searched the same way shells do: relative to the working direc- tory if they contain a "/" character, otherwise in $PATH. If PATH names refer to scripts, the actual interpreters (specified in the script in the first line after the #! characters) are probed. If PATH is a process component parameter referring to shared libraries then all processes that map it at runtime would be selected for probing. If PATH is a library component parameter referring to shared libraries then the process specified by the process component would be selected. A .plt probe will probe functions in the program linkage table cor- responding to the rest of the probe point. .plt can be specified as a shorthand for .plt("*"). If the PATH string contains wildcards as in the MPATTERN case, then standard globbing is performed to find all matching paths. In this case, the $PATH environment variable is not used. If systemtap was invoked with the -c or -x options, then process probes are restricted to the process hierarchy associated with the target process. PROCFS These probe points allow procfs "files" in /proc/systemtap/MODNAME to be created, read and written using a permission that may be modified using the proper umask value. Default permissions are 0400 for read probes, and 0200 for write probes. If both a read and write probe are being used on the same file, a default permission of 0600 will be used. Using procfs.umask(0040).read would result in a 0404 permission set for the file. (MODNAME is the name of the systemtap module). The proc filesystem is a pseudo-filesystem which is used an an interface to kernel data structures. There are several probe point variants supported by the translator: procfs("PATH").read procfs("PATH").umask(UMASK).read procfs("PATH").read.maxsize(MAXSIZE) procfs("PATH").umask(UMASK).maxsize(MAXSIZE) procfs("PATH").write procfs("PATH").umask(UMASK).write procfs.read procfs.umask(UMASK).read procfs.read.maxsize(MAXSIZE) procfs.umask(UMASK).read.maxsize(MAXSIZE) procfs.write procfs.umask(UMASK).write PATH is the file name (relative to /proc/systemtap/MODNAME) to be created. If no PATH is specified (as in the last two variants above), PATH defaults to "command". When a user reads /proc/systemtap/MODNAME/PATH, the corresponding procfs read probe is triggered. The string data to be read should be as- signed to a variable named $value, like this: procfs("PATH").read { $value = "100 " } When a user writes into /proc/systemtap/MODNAME/PATH, the corresponding procfs write probe is triggered. The data the user wrote is avail- able in the string variable named $value, like this: procfs("PATH").write { printf("user wrote: %s", $value) } MAXSIZE is the size of the procfs read buffer. Specifying MAXSIZE allows larger procfs output. If no MAXSIZE is specified, the procfs read buffer defaults to STP_PROCFS_BUFSIZE (which defaults to MAXSTRINGLEN, the maximum length of a string). If setting the procfs read buffers for more than one file is needed, it may be easiest to override the STP_PROCFS_BUFSIZE definition. Here's an example of using MAX- SIZE: procfs.read.maxsize(1024) { $value = "long string..." $value .= "another long string..." $value .= "another long string..." $value .= "another long string..." } MARKERS This family of probe points hooks up to static probing markers inserted into the kernel or modules. These markers are special macro calls inserted by kernel developers to make probing faster and more reliable than with DWARF-based probes. Further, DWARF debugging information is not required to probe markers. Marker probe points begin with kernel. The next part names the marker itself: mark("name"). The marker name string, which may contain the usual wildcard characters, is matched against the names given to the marker macros when the kernel and/or module was compiled. Optional- ly, you can specify format("format"). Specifying the marker format string allows differentiation between two markers with the same name but different marker format strings. The handler associated with a marker-based probe may read the optional parameters specified at the macro call site. These are named $arg1 through $argNN, where NN is the number of parameters supplied by the macro. Number and string parameters are passed in a type-safe manner. The marker format string associated with a marker is available in $format. And also the marker name string is available in $name. TRACEPOINTS This family of probe points hooks up to static probing tracepoints inserted into the kernel or modules. As with markers, these tracepoints are special macro calls inserted by kernel developers to make probing faster and more reliable than with DWARF-based probes, and DWARF de- bugging information is not required to probe tracepoints. Tracepoints have an extra advantage of more strongly-typed parameters than mark- ers. Tracepoint probes begin with kernel. The next part names the tracepoint itself: trace("name"). The tracepoint name string, which may con- tain the usual wildcard characters, is matched against the names defined by the kernel developers in the tracepoint header files. The handler associated with a tracepoint-based probe may read the optional parameters specified at the macro call site. These are named according to the declaration by the tracepoint author. For example, the tracepoint probe kernel.trace("sched_switch") provides the parame- ters $rq, $prev, and $next. If the parameter is a complex type, as in a struct pointer, then a script can access fields with the same syn- tax as DWARF $target variables. Also, tracepoint parameters cannot be modified, but in guru-mode a script may modify fields of parameters. The name of the tracepoint is available in $$name, and a string of name=value pairs for all parameters of the tracepoint is available in $$vars or $$parms. HARDWARE BREAKPOINTS This family of probes is used to set hardware watchpoints for a given (global) kernel symbol. The probes take three components as inputs : 1. The virtualaddress/name of the kernel symbol to be traced is supplied as argument to this class of probes. ( Probes for only data seg- ment variables are supported. Probing local variables of a function cannot be done.) 2. Nature of access to be probed : a. .write probe gets triggered when a write happens at the specified address/symbol name. b. rw probe is triggered when either a read or write happens. 3. .length (optional) Users have the option of specifying the address interval to be probed using "length" constructs. The user-specified length gets approximated to the closest possible address length that the architecture can support. If the specified length exceeds the lim- its imposed by architecture, an error message is flagged and probe registration fails. Wherever 'length' is not specified, the translator requests a hardware breakpoint probe of length 1. It should be noted that the "length" construct is not valid with symbol names. Following constructs are supported : probe kernel.data(ADDRESS).write probe kernel.data(ADDRESS).rw probe kernel.data(ADDRESS).length(LEN).write probe kernel.data(ADDRESS).length(LEN).rw probe kernel.data("SYMBOL_NAME").write probe kernel.data("SYMBOL_NAME").rw This set of probes make use of the debug registers of the processor, which is a scarce resource. (4 on x86 , 1 on powerpc ) The script translation flags a warning if a user requests more hardware breakpoint probes than the limits set by architecture. For example,a pass-2 warning is flashed when an input script requests 5 hardware breakpoint probes on an x86 system while x86 architecture supports a maximum of 4 breakpoints. Users are cautioned to set probes judiciously. EXAMPLES
Here are some example probe points, defining the associated events. begin, end, end refers to the startup and normal shutdown of the session. In this case, the handler would run once during startup and twice during shutdown. timer.jiffies(1000).randomize(200) refers to a periodic interrupt, every 1000 +/- 200 jiffies. kernel.function("*init*"), kernel.function("*exit*") refers to all kernel functions with "init" or "exit" in the name. kernel.function("*@kernel/sched.c:240") refers to any functions within the "kernel/sched.c" file that span line 240. Note that this is not a probe at the statement at that line number. Use the kernel.statement probe instead. kernel.mark("getuid") refers to an STAP_MARK(getuid, ...) macro call in the kernel. module("usb*").function("*sync*").return refers to the moment of return from all functions with "sync" in the name in any of the USB drivers. kernel.statement(0xc0044852) refers to the first byte of the statement whose compiled instructions include the given address in the kernel. kernel.statement("*@kernel/sched.c:2917") refers to the statement of line 2917 within "kernel/sched.c". kernel.statement("bio_init@fs/bio.c+3") refers to the statement at line bio_init+3 within "fs/bio.c". kernel.data("pid_max").write refers to a hardware preakpoint of type "write" set on pid_max syscall.*.return refers to the group of probe aliases with any name in the third position PERF This prototype family of probe points interfaces to the kernel "perf event" infrasture for controlling hardware performance counters. The events being attached to are described by the "type", "config" fields of the perf_event_attr structure, and are sampled at an interval gov- erned by the "sample_period" field. These fields are made available to systemtap scripts using the following syntax: probe perf.type(NN).config(MM).sample(XX) probe perf.type(NN).config(MM) The systemtap probe handler is called once per XX increments of the underlying performance counter. The default sampling count is 1000000. The range of valid type/config is described by the perf_event_open(2) system call, and/or the linux/perf_event.h file. Invalid combina- tions or exhausted hardware counter resources result in errors during systemtap script startup. Systemtap does not sanity-check the val- ues: it merely passes them through to the kernel for error- and safety-checking. SEE ALSO
stap(1), probe::*(3stap), tapset::*(3stap) STAPPROBES(3stap)
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