pumount(1) [debian man page]
pumount(1) General Commands Manual pumount(1) NAME
pumount - umount arbitrary hotpluggable devices as normal user SYNOPSIS
pumount [ options ] device DESCRIPTION
pumount is a wrapper around the standard umount program which permits normal users to umount removable devices without a matching /etc/fstab entry. pumount also supports encrypted devices which use dm-crypt and have LUKS metadata. If a LUKS-capable cryptsetup is installed, pumount will umount the mapped device instead and call cryptsetup to close the decrypted device afterwards. pumount expects the device as its only argument. This will umount device from a directory below /media if policy is met (see below). Please note that, as with pmount, you can use labels and uuids as described in fstab (5) for devices present in /etc/fstab. In this case, the device name need to match exactly the corresponding entry in /etc/fstab, including the LABEL= or UUID= part. Important note for Debian: The permission to execute pumount is restricted to members of the system group plugdev. Please add all desktop users who shall be able to use pmount to this group by executing adduser user plugdev (as root). OPTIONS
-l, --lazy Lazy unmount. Detach the filesystem from the filesystem hierarchy now, and cleanup all references to the filesystem as soon as it is not busy anymore. (Requires kernel 2.4.11 or later.) IMPORTANT NOTES This option should not be used unless you really know what you are doing, as chances are high that it will result in data loss on the removable drive. Please run pumount manually and wait until it finishes. In addition, pumount will not luksClose a device which was unmounted lazily. --luks-force Normally, pumount will not luksClose (see cryptsetup(1)) a device pmount did not open. However, you can bypass this restriction with this flag. You probably will need it if you did mess around with the /var/lock/pmount_luks directory. -h, --help Print a help message and exit successfully. -d, --debug Enable verbose debug messages. --version Print the current version number and exit successfully. POLICY
The umount will succeed if all of the following conditions are met: o device is a block device in /dev/ (it does not need to exist if -l is supplied) o device is not in /etc/fstab (if it is, pmount executes umount device as the calling user to handle this transparently) o device is mounted according to /etc/mtab and /proc/mounts with the calling user's uid o mount point is in /media PUMOUNT AND MISSING DEVICES
pumount now supports unmounting devices that have gone missing for some reason, such as a brutal removal of the device, or a kernel/hard- ware problem. Just specify the mount point as argument for pumount. SEE ALSO
pmount(1), cryptsetup(1), umount(8) AUTHOR
pmount is developed by Martin Pitt <martin.pitt@canonical.com>. Martin Pitt August 27, 2004 pumount(1)
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UMOUNT(8) System Administration UMOUNT(8) NAME
umount - unmount file systems SYNOPSIS
umount [-hV] umount -a [-dflnrv] [-t vfstype] [-O options] umount [-dflnrv] {dir|device}... DESCRIPTION
The umount command detaches the file system(s) mentioned from the file hierarchy. A file system is specified by giving the directory where it has been mounted. Giving the special device on which the file system lives may also work, but is obsolete, mainly because it will fail in case this device was mounted on more than one directory. Note that a file system cannot be unmounted when it is `busy' - for example, when there are open files on it, or when some process has its working directory there, or when a swap file on it is in use. The offending process could even be umount itself - it opens libc, and libc in its turn may open for example locale files. A lazy unmount avoids this problem. Options for the umount command: -V Print version and exit. -h Print help message and exit. -v Verbose mode. -n Unmount without writing in /etc/mtab. -r In case unmounting fails, try to remount read-only. -d In case the unmounted device was a loop device, also free this loop device. -i Don't call the /sbin/umount.<filesystem> helper even if it exists. By default /sbin/umount.<filesystem> helper is called if one exists. -a All of the file systems described in /etc/mtab are unmounted. (With umount version 2.7 and later: the proc filesystem is not unmounted.) -t vfstype Indicate that the actions should only be taken on file systems of the specified type. More than one type may be specified in a comma separated list. The list of file system types can be prefixed with no to specify the file system types on which no action should be taken. -O options Indicate that the actions should only be taken on file systems with the specified options in /etc/fstab. More than one option type may be specified in a comma separated list. Each option can be prefixed with no to specify options for which no action should be taken. -f Force unmount (in case of an unreachable NFS system). (Requires kernel 2.1.116 or later.) -l Lazy unmount. Detach the filesystem from the filesystem hierarchy now, and cleanup all references to the filesystem as soon as it is not busy anymore. (Requires kernel 2.4.11 or later.) --no-canonicalize Don't canonicalize paths. For more details about this option see the mount(8) man page. --fake Causes everything to be done except for the actual system call; this ``fakes'' unmounting the filesystem. It can be used to remove entries from /etc/mtab that were unmounted earlier with the -n option. THE LOOP DEVICE
The umount command will free the loop device (if any) associated with the mount, in case it finds the option `loop=...' in /etc/mtab, or when the -d option was given. Any pending loop devices can be freed using `losetup -d', see losetup(8). NOTES
The syntax of external umount helpers is: /sbin/umount.<suffix> {dir|device} [-nlfvr] [-t type.subtype] where the <suffix> is filesystem type or a value from "uhelper=" or "helper=" mtab option. The -t option is used for filesystems with subtypes support (for example /sbin/mount.fuse -t fuse.sshfs). The uhelper= (unprivileged umount helper) is possible to use when non-root user wants to umount a mountpoint which is not defined in the /etc/fstab file (e.g devices mounted by udisk). The helper= mount option redirects all umount requests to the /sbin/umount.<helper> independently on UID. FILES
/etc/mtab table of mounted file systems SEE ALSO
umount(2), mount(8), losetup(8). HISTORY
A umount command appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. AVAILABILITY
The umount command is part of the util-linux package and is available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/. util-linux March 2010 UMOUNT(8)