malaga(1) [debian man page]
MALAGA(1) Malaga quick reference MALAGA(1) NAME
malaga - natural-language word and sentence analysis SYNOPSIS
malaga [-morphology|-syntax] [-quoted] [-input input] project-file DESCRIPTION
Malaga is a development environment for natural-language grammars based on the Left-Associative Grammar formalism. Malaga grammars can be used for automatic morphological and/or syntactic analysis. The program malaga is Malaga's user interface for analysing word forms and sentences, displaying the results and finding bugs in a grammar. malaga requires the name of a language-dependent project-file as a command-line argument. If no command line options are given, malaga starts in interactive mode, and you can enter commands. If you are not sure about the name of a command, use the command help to get an overview of all malaga commands. If you want to quit malaga, enter the command quit. See info Malaga for details. OPTIONS
-h[elp] Print a help text about malaga's command line arguments and exit. -i[nput] input Analyse a single word or sentence given as command line argument (only valid in morphology or syntax mode). -m[orphology] Start malaga in morphology mode. In this mode word forms are read in from the standard input stream and analysed (one word form per line). The analysis result are written to the standard output stream. -q[uoted] The input lines to be analysed are quoted (only valid in morphology or syntax mode). -s[yntax] Start malaga in syntax mode. In this mode sentences are read in from the standard input stream and analysed (one sentence per line). The analysis result is written to the standard output stream. -v[ersion] Print malaga's version number and exit. AUTHORS
Malaga was written by Bjoern Beutel. Numerous other people distributed to Malaga. This manpage was originally written for the Debian dis- tribution by Antti-Juhani Kaijanaho. SEE ALSO
mallex(1), malmake(1), malrul(1), malshow(1), malsym(1) ``Malaga 7, User's and Programmer's Manual''. Available in Debian systems via info Malaga, and, if the malaga-doc package is installed, in various formats (DVI, Postscript, PDF, HTML) under /usr/share/doc/malaga-doc/. Malaga 26 September 2006 MALAGA(1)
Check Out this Related Man Page
LINK-GRAMMAR(1) General Commands Manual LINK-GRAMMAR(1) NAME
link-parser - parses natural language sentences SYNOPSIS
link-parser [language] [-pp pp_knowledge_file] [-c constituent_knowledge_file] [-a affix_file] [-ppoff] [-coff] [-aoff] [-batch] [-<special "!" command>] DESCRIPTION
In Selator, D. and Temperly, D. "Parsing English with a Link Grammar" (1991), the authors defined a new formal grammatical system called a "link grammar". A sequence of words is in the language of a link grammar if there is a way to draw "links" between words in such a way that the local requirements of each word are satisfied, the links do not cross, and the words form a consistent connected graph. The authors encoded English grammar into such a system, and wrote link-parser to parse English using this grammar. This package can be used for linguistic parsing for information retrieval or extraction from natural language documents. Abiword also uses it as a grammar checker. OPTIONS
-pp pp_knowledge_file -c constituent_knowledge_file -a affix_file -ppoff -coff -aoff -batch -<special ! command> USE
link-parser, when invoked manually, will take control of the terminal; link-parser will then attempt to analyze the grammar of all input, unless escaped with an exclamation mark, according to the dictionary file provided as an argument. If escaped, the input will be treated as a "special command"; "!help" lists all special commands available. link-parser depends on a link-grammar dictionary which contains lists of words and associated metadata about their grammatical properties in order to analyze sentences. A link-grammar dictionary provided by the authors of link-grammar is usually included with the link-grammar package, and can often be found somewhere in the /usr/share/link-grammar/ hierarchy. When this is the case, only the two-letter language code needs to be specified on the command-line. Alternatively, a user can provide their own dictionary as an argument, in which case the dictionary's directory should be specified. Hence, either of the commands link-parser en link-parser /usr/share/link-grammar/en will run link-parser using the english dictionary included with the parser. While in a link-parser session, some example output could be: linkparser> Reading a man page is informative. ++++Time 0.00 seconds (0.01 total) Found 1 linkage (1 had no P.P. violations) Unique linkage, cost vector = (UNUSED=0 DIS=0 AND=0 LEN=12) +------------------------Xp-----------------------+ | +---------Ss*g---------+ | | +-------Os-------+ | | | | +----Ds----+ | | +----Wd---+ | +--AN--+ +---Pa---+ | | | | | | | | | LEFT-WALL reading.g a man.n page.n is.v informative.a . A P.P. violation is a post-processing violation; it is a post-linkage step used to reject invalid parses. The link types shown are specific to English; other langauges will have different link types. link-parser can also be used non-interactively, either through its API, or via the -batch option. When used with the -batch option, link-parser passively receives input from standard input, and when the stream finishes, it then outputs its analysis. So one could con- struct an ad-hoc grammar checker by piping text through link-parser with a batch option, and seeing what sentences fail to parse as valid: cat thesis.txt | link-parser /usr/share/link-grammar/en/4.0.dict -batch SEE ALSO
Information on the shared-library API and the link types used in the parse is avavailable at the Abiword website at http://www.abisource.com/projects/link-grammar/dict/index.html Peer-reviewed papers explaining link-parser can be found at the original CMU site at http://www.link.cs.cmu.edu/link/papers/index.html. AUTHOR
link-parser was written by Daniel Sleator <sleator@cs.cmu.edu>, Davy Temperley <dtemp@theory.esm.rochester.edu>, and John Lafferty <lafferty@cs.cmu.edu> This manual page was written by Ken Bloom <kbloom@gmail.com>, for the Debian project (but may be used by others). April 18, 2008 LINK-GRAMMAR(1)