KILL(1) General Commands Manual KILL(1)NAME
kill - terminate a process with extreme prejudice
SYNOPSIS
kill [ -sig ] processid ...
kill -l
DESCRIPTION
Kill sends the TERM (terminate, 15) signal to the specified processes. If a signal name or number preceded by `-' is given as first argu-
ment, that signal is sent instead of terminate (see sigvec(2)). The signal names are listed by `kill -l', and are as given in
/usr/include/signal.h, stripped of the common SIG prefix.
The terminate signal will kill processes that do not catch the signal; `kill -9 ...' is a sure kill, as the KILL (9) signal cannot be
caught. By convention, if process number 0 is specified, all members in the process group (i.e. processes resulting from the current
login) are signaled (but beware: this works only if you use sh(1); not if you use csh(1).) Negative process numbers also have special
meanings; see kill(2) for details.
The killed processes must belong to the current user unless he is the super-user.
The process number of an asynchronous process started with `&' is reported by the shell. Process numbers can also be found by using ps(1).
Kill is a built-in to csh(1); it allows job specifiers of the form ``%...'' as arguments so process id's are not as often used as kill
arguments. See csh(1) for details.
SEE ALSO csh(1), ps(1), kill(2), sigvec(2)BUGS
A replacement for ``kill 0'' for csh(1) users should be provided.
4th Berkeley Distribution April 20, 1986 KILL(1)
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KILL(1) User Commands KILL(1)NAME
kill - terminate a process
SYNOPSIS
kill [-s signal|-p] [-q sigval] [-a] [--] pid...
kill -l [signal]
DESCRIPTION
The command kill sends the specified signal to the specified process or process group. If no signal is specified, the TERM signal is sent.
The TERM signal will kill processes which do not catch this signal. For other processes, it may be necessary to use the KILL (9) signal,
since this signal cannot be caught.
Most modern shells have a builtin kill function, with a usage rather similar to that of the command described here. The '-a' and '-p'
options, and the possibility to specify processes by command name are a local extension.
If sig is 0, then no signal is sent, but error checking is still performed.
OPTIONS
pid... Specify the list of processes that kill should signal. Each pid can be one of five things:
n where n is larger than 0. The process with pid n will be signaled.
0 All processes in the current process group are signaled.
-1 All processes with pid larger than 1 will be signaled.
-n where n is larger than 1. All processes in process group n are signaled. When an argument of the form '-n' is given, and it
is meant to denote a process group, either the signal must be specified first, or the argument must be preceded by a '--'
option, otherwise it will be taken as the signal to send.
commandname
All processes invoked using that name will be signaled.
-s, --signal signal
Specify the signal to send. The signal may be given as a signal name or number.
-l, --list [signal]
Print a list of signal names, or convert signal given as argument to a name. The signals are found in /usr/include/linux/signal.h
-L, --table
Similar to -l, but will print signal names and their corresponding numbers.
-a, --all
Do not restrict the commandname-to-pid conversion to processes with the same uid as the present process.
-p, --pid
Specify that kill should only print the process id (pid) of the named processes, and not send any signals.
-q, --queue sigval
Use sigqueue(2) rather than kill(2) and the sigval argument is used to specify an integer to be sent with the signal. If the
receiving process has installed a handler for this signal using the SA_SIGINFO flag to sigaction(2), then it can obtain this data
via the si_value field of the siginfo_t structure.
NOTES
It is not possible to send a signal to explicitly selected thread in a multithreaded process by kill(2) syscall. If kill(2) is used to
send a signal to a thread group, then kernel selects arbitrary member of the thread group that has not blocked the signal. For more
details see clone(2) CLONE_THREAD description.
The command kill(1) as well as syscall kill(2) accepts TID (thread ID, see gettid(2)) as argument. In this case the kill behavior is not
changed and the signal is also delivered to the thread group rather than to the specified thread.
SEE ALSO bash(1), tcsh(1), kill(2), sigvec(2), signal(7)AUTHOR
Taken from BSD 4.4. The ability to translate process names to process ids was added by Salvatore Valente <svalente@mit.edu>.
AVAILABILITY
The kill command is part of the util-linux package and is available from Linux Kernel Archive <ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-
linux/>.
util-linux March 2013 KILL(1)