Linux

Hi,
I have a file in which I have to separate genes from phenotype data. I have written a program as given below which prints just the gene records.
1. But I want to print all the data under each specified record to the output file. So the file has all the data like for every record. An example of a record with all the data is given below.
2.The program below gives me only the gene list but I want all the data as given below also in my output file. Every separate record starts with the line *RECORD*.

Code:

*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
100050
*FIELD* TI
100050 AARSKOG SYNDROME, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
*FIELD* TX
Grier et al. (1983) reported father and 2 sons with typical Aarskog
syndrome, including short stature, hypertelorism, and shawl scrotum.
They tabulated the findings in 82 previous cases. X-linked recessive
inheritance has repeatedly been suggested (see 305400). The family
reported by Welch (1974) had affected males in 3 consecutive
generations. Thus, there is either genetic heterogeneity or this is an
autosomal dominant with strong sex-influence and possibly ascertainment
bias resulting from use of the shawl scrotum as a main criterion.
Stretchable skin was present in the cases of Grier et al. (1983).

Teebi et al. (1993) reported the case of an affected mother and 4 sons
(including a pair of monozygotic twins) by 2 different husbands. They
suggested that the manifestations were as severe in the mother as in the
sons and that this suggested autosomal dominant inheritance. Actually,
the mother seemed less severely affected, compatible with X-linked
inheritance.

*FIELD* RF
1. Grier, R. E.; Farrington, F. H.; Kendig, R.; Mamunes, P.: Autosomal
dominant inheritance of the Aarskog syndrome. Am. J. Med. Genet. 15:
39-46, 1983.

2. Teebi, A. S.; Rucquoi, J. K.; Meyn, M. S.: Aarskog syndrome: report
of a family with review and discussion of nosology. Am. J. Med. Genet. 46:
501-509, 1993.

3. Welch, J. P.: Elucidation of a 'new' pleiotropic connective tissue
disorder. Birth Defects Orig. Art. Ser. X(10): 138-146, 1974.

*FIELD* CS

Growth:
   Mild to moderate short stature

Head:
   Normocephaly

Hair:
   Widow's peak

Facies:
   Maxillary hypoplasia;
   Broad nasal bridge;
   Anteverted nostrils;
   Long philtrum;
   Broad upper lip;
   Curved linear dimple below the lower lip

Eyes:
   Hypertelorism;
   Ptosis;
   Down-slanted palpebral fissures;
   Ophthalmoplegia;
   Strabismus;
   Hyperopic astigmatism;
   Large cornea

Ears:
   Floppy ears;
   Lop-ears

Mouth:
   Cleft lip/palate

GU:
   Shawl scrotum;
   Saddle-bag scrotum;
   Cryptorchidism

Limbs:
   Brachydactyly;
   Digital contractures;
   Clinodactyly;
   Mild syndactyly;
   Transverse palmar crease;
   Lymphedema of the feet

Joints:
   Ligamentous laxity;
   Osteochondritis dissecans;
   Proximal finger joint hyperextensibility;
   Flexed distal finger joints;
   Genu recurvatum;
   Flat feet

Skin:
   Stretchable skin

Spine:
   Cervical spine hypermobility;
   Odontoid anomaly

Heme:
   Macrocytic anemia;
   Hemochromatosis

GI:
   Hepatomegaly;
   Portal cirrhosis;
   Imperforate anus;
   Rectoperineal fistula

Pulmonary:
   Interstitial pulmonary disease

Thorax:
   Sternal deformity

Inheritance:
   Sex-influenced autosomal dominant form;
   also X-linked form

*FIELD* CD
Victor A. McKusick: 6/4/1986

*FIELD* ED
carol: 02/16/2011
alopez: 6/3/1997
mimadm: 3/11/1994
carol: 7/7/1993
supermim: 3/16/1992
supermim: 3/20/1990
ddp: 10/26/1989
marie: 3/25/1988

[

Code:

#!/usr/bin/perl
open(DATA, 'omim.txt');
# or die("Could not open omim file.");
open(MYOUTPUT, ">omimgenes.txt");
# or die ("could not open omimgenes file.");
while(<DATA>)
{
if (/^\*FIELD\*\sTI$/)
{
my $gene_record=readline(DATA);
foreach ($gene_record =~m/^\*/)
{
print MYOUTPUT $gene_record;
}
}
}
close(MYOUTPUT);
close(DATA);

]

Hello, please specify what the output file looks like now and what it should look like

Hi Scrutinizer,
The output file as of now has all the genes (only the genes) I wanted.

OUTPUT FILE AS OF NOW:

*100640 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1 FAMILY, MEMBER A1; ALDH1A1
*100660 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE, FAMILY 3, SUBFAMILY A, MEMBER 1; ALDH3A1
*100670 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1 FAMILY, MEMBER B1; ALDH1B1
*100678 ACETYL-CoA ACETYLTRANSFERASE 2; ACAT2
*100690 CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NICOTINIC, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE 1; CHRNA1
*100710 CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NICOTINIC, BETA POLYPEPTIDE 1; CHRNB1
*100720 CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NICOTINIC, DELTA POLYPEPTIDE; CHRND
*100725 CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NICOTINIC, EPSILON POLYPEPTIDE; CHRNE
*100730 CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR, NICOTINIC, GAMMA POLYPEPTIDE; CHRNG
*100740 ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ACHE
*100790 ACHAETE-SCUTE COMPLEX, DROSOPHILA, HOMOLOG OF, 1; ASCL1
*100850 ACONITASE, MITOCHONDRIAL; ACO2
*100880 ACONITASE 1, SOLUBLE; ACO1
*102480 ACROSIN; ACR
*102525 ACROSOMAL VESICLE PROTEIN 1; ACRV1
*102540 ACTIN, ALPHA, CARDIAC MUSCLE; ACTC1
*102545 ACTIN, GAMMA-2, SMOOTH MUSCLE, ENTERIC; ACTG2
*102560 ACTIN, GAMMA-1; ACTG1
*102565 FILAMIN C; FLNC
*102573 ACTININ, ALPHA-2; ACTN2
*102575 ACTININ, ALPHA-1; ACTN1
*102576 ACTIVIN A RECEPTOR, TYPE I; ACVR1
*102577 REPLICATION FACTOR C, SUBUNIT 4; RFC4
*102578 ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, INDUCER OF; PML
*102579 REPLICATION FACTOR C, SUBUNIT 1; RFC1
*102581 ACTIVIN A RECEPTOR, TYPE IIA; ACVR2A
*102582 SIGNAL TRANSDUCER AND ACTIVATOR OF TRANSCRIPTION 3; STAT3
*102593 ACYLOXYACYL HYDROLASE; AOAH
*102595 ACYLPHOSPHATASE 2, MUSCLE TYPE; ACYP2
*102610 ACTIN, ALPHA, SKELETAL MUSCLE 1; ACTA1
*102620 ACTIN, ALPHA-2, SMOOTH MUSCLE, AORTA; ACTA2
*102630 ACTIN, BETA; ACTB
*102642 STEROL O-ACYLTRANSFERASE 1; SOAT1
*102645 ACYLPEPTIDE HYDROLASE; APH
*102670 MUCOSAL VASCULAR ADDRESSIN CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1; MADCAM1
*102680 ADDUCIN 1; ADD1
*102681 ADDUCIN 2; ADD2
*102720 DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV; DPP4
*102750 ADENOSINE KINASE; ADK
*102771 ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEAMINASE 2; AMPD2
*102772 ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEAMINASE 3; AMPD3
*102775 ADENOSINE A1 RECEPTOR; ADORA1
*102776 ADENOSINE A2 RECEPTOR; ADORA2A
*102777 ADENOSINE A2 RECEPTOR-LIKE; ADORA2L1
*102910 ATP SYNTHASE, H+ TRANSPORTING, MITOCHONDRIAL F1 COMPLEX, BETA SUBUNIT;
*102980 ADENYLATE CYCLASE-ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE 1; ADCYAP1
*102981 ADENYLATE CYCLASE-ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE 1, RECEPTOR FOR; ADCYAP1R1
*103000 ADENYLATE KINASE 1; AK1
*103020 ADENYLATE KINASE 2; AK2
*103030 ADENYLATE KINASE 3-LIKE 1; AK3L1
*103060 ADENYLOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; ADSS
*103070 ADENYLATE CYCLASE 8; ADCY8
*103071 ADENYLATE CYCLASE 2; ADCY2
*103072 ADENYLATE CYCLASE 1; ADCY1
*103180 ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 1; ARF1
*103188 ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 5; ARF5
*103190 ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 3; ARF3
*103195 PERILIPIN 2; PLIN2
*103220 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 25 (MITOCHONDRIAL CARRIER, ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE
*103260 FERREDOXIN 1; FDX1
*103270 FERREDOXIN REDUCTASE; FDXR
*103275 ADRENOMEDULLIN; ADM
*103280 H19 GENE; H19
*103320 AGRIN; AGRN
*103390 AHNAK NUCLEOPROTEIN; AHNAK
*103700 ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 1A, CLASS I, ALPHA POLYPEPTIDE; ADH1A
*103710 ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 5, CHI POLYPEPTIDE; ADH5
*103730 ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 1C, GAMMA POLYPEPTIDE; ADH1C
*103735 ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 6; ADH6
*103740 ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE 4; ADH4
*103830 ALDO-KETO REDUCTASE FAMILY 1, MEMBER A1; AKR1A1
*103850 ALDOLASE A, FRUCTOSE-BISPHOSPHATE; ALDOA
*103870 ALDOLASE C, FRUCTOSE-BISPHOSPHATE; ALDOC
*103880 ALDO-KETO REDUCTASE FAMILY 1, MEMBER B1; AKR1B1
*103890 ALDOSE REDUCTASE M; ARM
*103950 ALPHA-2-MACROGLOBULIN; A2M
*104145 AFAMIN; AFM
*104155 ZINC FINGER HOMEOBOX 3; ZFHX3
*104160 GLUCOSIDASE, ALPHA, NEUTRAL AB; GANAB
*104170 N-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOSAMINIDASE; NAGA
*104175 GLYCOPROTEIN ALPHA-GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; GGTA1
*104180 GLUCOSIDASE, ALPHA, NEUTRAL C; GANC
*104210 ALPHA-2A-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ADRA2A
*104219 ALPHA-1D-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ADRA1D
*104220 ALPHA-1B-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ADRA1B
*104221 ALPHA-1A-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ADRA1A
*104225 LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN
*104230 FUCOSYLTRANSFERASE 4; FUT4
*104240 ST3 BETA-GALACTOSIDE ALPHA-2,3-SIALYLTRANSFERASE 4; ST3GAL4
*104260 ALPHA-2B-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ADRA2B
*104311 PRESENILIN 1; PSEN1
*104610 AMILORIDE-BINDING PROTEIN 1; ABP1
*104613 CHAPERONIN CONTAINING T-COMPLEX POLYPEPTIDE 1, SUBUNIT 6A; CCT6A
*104614 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 3 (CYSTINE, DIBASIC, AND NEUTRAL AMINO ACID
*104615 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 7 (CATIONIC AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER, y+ SYSTEM),
*104620 AMINOACYLASE 1; ACY1
*104640 AMPHIREGULIN; AREG
*104650 AMYLASE, PANCREATIC, A; AMY2A
*104660 AMYLASE, PANCREATIC, B; AMY2B
*104700 AMYLASE, SALIVARY, A; AMY1A
*104701 AMYLASE, SALIVARY, B; AMY1B
*104702 AMYLASE, SALIVARY, C; AMY1C
*104750 SERUM AMYLOID A1; SAA1
*104751 SERUM AMYLOID A2; SAA2
*104752 SERUM AMYLOID A4; SAA4
*104760 AMYLOID BETA A4 PRECURSOR PROTEIN; APP
*104770 AMYLOID P COMPONENT, SERUM; APCS
*104775 AMYLOID BETA A4 PRECURSOR-LIKE PROTEIN 1; APLP1
*104776 AMYLOID BETA A4 PRECURSOR-LIKE PROTEIN 2; APLP2
*105590 ANAPLASTIC LYMPHOMA KINASE; ALK
*105850 ANGIOGENIN; ANG
*106165 ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR 1; AGTR1
*106195 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 4 (ANION EXCHANGER), MEMBER 3; SLC4A3
*106410 ANKYRIN 2; ANK2
*106490 ANNEXIN A3; ANXA3
*106491 ANNEXIN A4; ANXA4
*107254 ANTIGEN IDENTIFIED BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY 30.2A8; MIC12
*107257 ANTIGEN MSK3 IDENTIFIED BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY M68; MSK3
*107260 ANTIGEN MSK41 IDENTIFIED BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY E3; MSK41
*107265 CD19 ANTIGEN; CD19
*107266 CD22 ANTIGEN; CD22
*107269 CD44 ANTIGEN; CD44
*107270 CD38 ANTIGEN; CD38
*107271 CD59 ANTIGEN; CD59
*107272 CD72 ANTIGEN; CD72
*107273 CD69 ANTIGEN; CD69
*107280 SERPIN PEPTIDASE INHIBITOR, CLADE A, MEMBER 3; SERPINA3
*107285 SECRETORY LEUKOCYTE PROTEASE INHIBITOR; SLPI
*107300 SERPIN PEPTIDASE INHIBITOR, CLADE C (ANTITHROMBIN), MEMBER 1; SERPINC1
*107310 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 9, MEMBER 1; SLC9A1
*107323 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 7 FAMILY, MEMBER A1; ALDH7A1
*107325 ANTISENSE ERCC1
*107400 SERPIN PEPTIDASE INHIBITOR, CLADE A, MEMBER 1; SERPINA1
*107450 INTERFERON, ALPHA, BETA, AND OMEGA, RECEPTOR 1; IFNAR1
*107470 INTERFERON, GAMMA, RECEPTOR 1; IFNGR1
*107580 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP2-ALPHA; TFAP2A
*107680 APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I; APOA1
*107690 APOLIPOPROTEIN A-IV; APOA4
*107710 APOLIPOPROTEIN C-I; APOC1
*107720 APOLIPOPROTEIN C-III; APOC3
*107740 APOLIPOPROTEIN D; APOD
*107748 APEX NUCLEASE 1; APEX1
*107770 LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 1; LRP1
*107773 NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY 2, GROUP F, MEMBER 2; NR2F2
*107776 AQUAPORIN 1; AQP1
*107777 AQUAPORIN 2; AQP2
*107820 ARGINYL-tRNA SYNTHETASE 1; RARS1
*107830 ARGINASE II; ARG2
*107910 CYTOCHROME P450, FAMILY 19, SUBFAMILY A, POLYPEPTIDE 1; CYP19A1
*107930 DOPA DECARBOXYLASE; DDC
*107940 ARRESTIN, BETA, 1; ARRB1
*107941 ARRESTIN, BETA, 2; ARRB2
*108330 CYTOCHROME P450, SUBFAMILY I, POLYPEPTIDE 1; CYP1A1
*108345 N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 1; NAT1
*108355 GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-BOUND PROTEIN 2; GRB2
*108360 ASIALOGLYCOPROTEIN RECEPTOR 1; ASGR1
*108361 ASIALOGLYCOPROTEIN RECEPTOR 2; ASGR2
*108370 ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE; ASNS
*108410 ASPARAGINYL-tRNA SYNTHETASE; NARS
*108728 ATP CITRATE LYASE; ACLY
*108729 ATP SYNTHASE, H+ TRANSPORTING, MITOCHONDRIAL F1 COMPLEX, GAMMA SUBUNIT
*108730 ATPase, Ca(2+)-TRANSPORTING, FAST-TWITCH 1; ATP2A1
*108731 ATPase, Ca(2+)-TRANSPORTING, PLASMA MEMBRANE, 1; ATP2B1
*108732 ATPase, Ca(2+)-TRANSPORTING, PLASMA MEMBRANE, 4; ATP2B4
*108733 ATPase, Ca(2+)-TRANSPORTING, PLASMA MEMBRANE, 2; ATP2B2
*108740 ATPase, Ca(2+)-TRANSPORTING, SLOW-TWITCH; ATP2A2
*108745 ATPase, H+ TRANSPORTING, LYSOSOMAL, 16-KD, V0 SUBUNIT C; ATP6V0C
*108746 ATPase, H+ TRANSPORTING, LYSOSOMAL, 31-KD, V1 SUBUNIT E; ATP6V1E
*108780 NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE PRECURSOR A; NPPA
*108960 NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR A/GUANYLATE CYCLASE A; NPR1
*108961 NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR B/GUANYLATE CYCLASE B; NPR2
*108962 NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE RECEPTOR C; NPR3
*108990 ATTACHED CELL ANTIGEN 28.3.7; MIC7
*109090 SJOGREN SYNDROME ANTIGEN B; SSB
*109091 CALRETICULIN; CALR
*109092 TRIPARTITE MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN 21; TRIM21
*109110 AUTONOMOUSLY REPLICATING SEQUENCE 1
*109135 AXL RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; AXL
*109170 LEUKOCYTE-SPECIFIC TRANSCRIPT 1; LST1
*109190 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 1 (NEUTRAL AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER), MEMBER 5;
*109195 BACTERICIDAL PERMEABILITY-INCREASING PROTEIN; BPI
*109280 SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 4 (ANION EXCHANGER), MEMBER 2

EXPECTED OUTPUT FILE

The expected output below has been shown only for one record. I want all the records above to have all this information in the output file.

*RECORD*
*FIELD* NO
100640
*FIELD* TI
*100640 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1 FAMILY, MEMBER A1; ALDH1A1
;;ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1; ALDH1;;
ACETALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 1;;
ALDH, LIVER CYTOSOLIC;;
RETINAL DEHYDROGENASE 1; RALDH1
*FIELD* TX

DESCRIPTION

The ALDH1A1 gene encodes a liver cytosolic isoform of acetaldehyde
dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3), an enzyme involved in the major pathway of
alcohol metabolism after alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, see 103700). See
also liver mitochondrial ALDH2 (100650), variation in which has been
implicated in different responses to alcohol ingestion.

ALDH1 is associated with a low Km for NAD, a high Km for acetaldehyde,
and is strongly inactivated by disulfiram. ALDH2 is associated with a
high Km for NAD, and low Km for acetaldehyde, and is insensitive to
inhibition by disulfiram (Hsu et al., 1985).

CLONING

Inoue et al. (1979) purified and partially characterized aldehyde
dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes: this was the cytosolic form,
present in only low concentration in red cells. Using isoelectric
focusing, Thomas et al. (1982) showed that the cytosolic and
mitochondrial ALDHs are distinct isozymes. Hempel et al. (1984)
determined the amino acid sequence of the cytosolic ALDH isoform. The
monomer is composed of 500 residues and contains 11 cysteine residues.

Hsu et al. (1985) reported cloning of the ALDH1 and ALDH2 genes. The 2
proteins showed 69% homology at the protein level. The ALDH1 gene
encodes a 501-residue protein (Hsu et al., 1989).

MAPPING

With cDNA probes for Southern blot analysis of somatic cell hybrids, Hsu
et al. (1985, 1986) assigned the ALDH1 locus to chromosome 9q and the
ALDH2 locus to chromosome 12.

GENE STRUCTURE

Hsu et al. (1989) found that the ALDH1 gene is about 53 kb long and is
divided into 13 exons. A similar intron-exon organization was found in
ALDH2, which also has 13 exons with 9 of the 12 introns interrupting the
coding sequence at positions homologous to those in ALDH1. Thus, the 2
isozymes appear to have evolved after duplication of a common ancestral
gene.

MOLECULAR GENETICS

Thomas et al. (1982) found low cytosolic ALDH in the liver of alcoholic
patients with fatty liver; mitochondrial ALDH was normal. Abstaining
alcoholics showed persistently low cytosolic ALDH.

Eckey et al. (1986) reported a variant of cytosolic ALDH in a Chinese
autopsy liver specimen. While the major isozyme band was nearly absent,
several additional minor bands were observed on isoelectric focusing
gel. Rabbit antibodies showed immunological cross-reactivity for the
variant enzyme bands. The existence of additional minor bands indicated
the presence of tetramer hybrid forms made up of normal and variant
monomers. The observed abnormality may represent a heterozygous form of
cytosolic ALDH variation. A similar variant was also detected in
erythrocytes of a male Thai student.

Yoshida et al. (1989) demonstrated that among Caucasians alcohol
flushing can be related to abnormalities of ALDH1. In 9 unrelated
Caucasian alcohol flushers, they found 1 who exhibited low activity
(10-20% of normal) and another who exhibited moderately low activity
(60%) and altered kinetic properties. The electrophoretic mobilities of
these 2 samples were not altered. Immunologic quantitation indicated
that the amount of protein in the 2 samples was not reduced in parallel
with the enzyme deficiency. In the first case, the daughter of the
proposita also had very low enzyme activity and alcohol flushing.

ANIMAL MODEL

Retinaldehyde is generated by ADH1 (103700) from retinol, and its
concentration is determined in large part by its subsequent catabolism
by RALDH1 to retinoic acid. Ziouzenkova et al. (2007) demonstrated that
retinaldehyde is present in rodent fat, binds retinol-binding proteins
(CRBP1, 180260; RBP4, 180250), and suppresses PPARG (601487) and
retinoid X receptor (see 180245) responses. Raldh1 -/- mice resisted
diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and showed increased energy
dissipation. In ob/ob (see 164160) mice, administering retinaldehyde or
a Raldh inhibitor reduced fat and increased insulin sensitivity.
Ziouzenkova et al. (2007) concluded that retinaldehyde is a distinct
transcriptional regulator of the metabolic responses to a high-fat diet.

*FIELD* RF
1. Eckey, R.; Agarwal, D. P.; Saha, N.; Goedde, H. W.: Detection
and partial characterization of a variant form of cytosolic aldehyde
dehydrogenase isozyme. Hum. Genet. 72: 95-97, 1986.

2. Hempel, J.; von Bahr-Lindstrom, H.; Jornvall, H.: Aldehyde dehydrogenase
from human liver: primary structure of the cytoplasmic isoenzyme. Europ.
J. Biochem. 141: 21-35, 1984.

3. Hsu, L. C.; Chang, W.-C.; Yoshida, A.: Genomic structure of the
human cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. Genomics 5: 857-865,
1989.

4. Hsu, L. C.; Tani, K.; Fujiyoshi, T.; Kurachi, K.; Yoshida, A.:
Cloning of cDNAs for human aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 and 2. Proc.
Nat. Acad. Sci. 82: 3771-3775, 1985.

5. Hsu, L. C.; Yoshida, A.; Mohandas, T.: Chromosomal assignment
of the genes for human aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. Am.
J. Hum. Genet. 38: 641-648, 1986.

6. Inoue, K.; Nishimukai, H.; Yamasawa, K.: Purification and partial
characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes. Biochim.
Biophys. Acta 569: 117-123, 1979.

7. Thomas, M.; Halsall, S.; Peters, T. J.: Role of hepatic acetaldehyde
dehydrogenase in alcoholism: demonstration of persistent reduction
of cytosolic activity in abstaining patients. Lancet II: 1057-1059,
1982.

8. Yoshida, A.; Dave, V.; Ward, R. J.; Peters, T. J.: Cytosolic aldehyde
dehydrogenase (ALDH1) variants found in alcohol flushers. Ann. Hum.
Genet. 53: 1-7, 1989.

9. Ziouzenkova, O.; Orasanu, G.; Sharlach, M.; Akiyama, T. E.; Berger,
J. P.; Viereck, J.; Hamilton, J. A.; Tang, G.; Dolnikowski, G. G.;
Vogel, S.; Duester, G.; Plutzky, J.: Retinaldehyde represses adipogenesis
and diet-induced obesity. Nature Med. 13: 695-702, 2007.

*FIELD* CN
Marla J. F. O'Neill - updated: 7/2/2007

*FIELD* CD
Victor A. McKusick: 6/4/1986

*FIELD* ED
ckniffin: 10/21/2009
terry: 1/7/2009
wwang: 7/5/2007
terry: 7/2/2007
alopez: 2/3/2006
mgross: 11/19/2001
carol: 4/3/2001
dkim: 7/17/1998
dkim: 6/26/1998
jenny: 7/2/1997
jenny: 7/1/1997
mimadm: 3/11/1994
supermim: 3/16/1992
carol: 2/29/1992
supermim: 3/20/1990
carol: 12/14/1989
carol: 11/2/1989