Corporate VPN service with separate nets for different users/groups
Hi
We are going to host some services for customers with separate private networks for each customer. Each customer will need one or more users.
I have to put up a VPN solution, and I would like to use something that will work on "any" platform, easily, without too much installation/configuration. I feel PPTP is a good option since the "agent" is included on most platforms. We have a firewall/router on a Debian Linux server, and I'd like to extend it's services to include the VPN service. It has access to all nets, so it should be easier to get that to work.
My firewall/router has four interfaces, but only three of concern. eth0 is the outside, eth1 is the inside and eth2 is DMZ. I use proxyarp to get traffic from eth0 to eth2, with iptables filtering. eth1 has three internal nets in the 192.168.* series. The new nets I want to use for customers will be separate VLAN's on that interface with 10.20.x.* addresses. The firewall/router will of course have an IP in each of these (typically .1).
The big question is how to set this up? Can pptpd be used? Should this be done on a separate server?
Hello everybody,
I used to log in to my office via PPTP VPN, but on last October 5th I updated my installed Debian Squeeze and it caused my VPN service (client-side) to fail. After this upgrade I'm unable to log in to the VPN server. Here follows the log:
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Plugin... (0 Replies)
Hi
Could anyone please suggest how we can check in Linux if a user or a group name is already existing? In case of a user the command should also be able to specify the user with a given directory and shell. We can of course check this using a grep command but since that is just a pattern match,... (12 Replies)
Happy Thanksgiving Everyone!! I have a question about adding users to multiple groups. Thanks in advance
Using Red Hat and here are the issues:
Example:
Users:
Bob
Mark
Groups:
SystemsAnalysts
BusinessAnalysts
If I am adding a user Bob to both groups (SystemsAnalysts and... (2 Replies)
Hi
I am new to unix so hopefully someone can help. I need to list all the users I have in my unix enviroment (AIX) and the groups (primary and secondary) they belong to.
Can anyone help?
Many thanks in advance (2 Replies)
How do I remove a user from a group? I'm using the usermod command but its not working.
I have a user "abc" who is a member of the groups root and other. I'm trying to remove him from the group "other" (using CLI) which is his secondary group but it's not working.
How do I do this? Is there any... (11 Replies)
hi eveyone i've recently requested my unix admin to create a userid for 2 groups. He created the id and i can see it by grep "id" /etc/group.
But when i login with that id into unix and try to cd that group it says permission denied. something like cd /groupname -- permission denied
Can my admin... (1 Reply)
RH 7.2
I'm trying to list the users & groups on my machine. I found the lsuser & lsgroup commands but no associated man pages.
I typed: lsuser
I get --> Valid options are: -a
So I typed: lsuser -a
I get --> Valid options are: groups, home
So I typed: lsuser -a groups
I get -->... (2 Replies)
PPTP(8) System Manager's Manual PPTP(8)NAME
pptp - PPTP driver
SYNOPSIS
pptp <pptp-server-IP> <pptp-options> [ppp-options] ...
DESCRIPTION
pptp establishes the client side of a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). Use this program
to connect to an employer's PPTP based VPN, or to certain cable and ADSL service providers.
By default, pptp establishes the PPTP call to the PPTP server, and then starts an instance of pppd to manage the data transfer. However,
pptp can also be run as a connection manager within pppd.
OPTIONS
The first non-option argument on the pptp command line must be the host name or IP address of the PPTP server.
All long options (starting with "--") are interpreted as pptp options, and a fatal error occurs if an unrecognised option is used.
All command-line arguments which do not start with "-" are interpreted as ppp options, and passed as is to pppd unless --nolaunchpppd is
given.
--phone <number>
Pass <number> to remote host as phone number
--nolaunchpppd
Do not launch pppd but use stdin as the network connection. Use this flag when including pptp as a pppd connection process using
the pty option. See EXAMPLES.
--quirks <quirk>
Work around a buggy PPTP implementation, adopts special case handling for particular PPTP servers and ADSL modems. Currently recog-
nised values are BEZEQ_ISRAEL only
--debug
Run in foreground (for debugging with gdb)
--sync Enable Synchronous HDLC (pppd must use it too)
--timeout <secs>
Time to wait for reordered packets (0.01 to 10 secs)
--nobuffer
Completely disables buffering and reordering of packets. Any --timeout specified will be ignored.
--idle-wait <secs>
Time to wait before sending a control connection echo request. The RFC2637 default is 60 seconds.
--max-echo-wait <secs>
Time to wait for an echo reply before closing the control connection. The RFC2637 default is 60 seconds.
--logstring <name>
Use <name> instead of 'anon' in syslog messages
--localbind <addr>
Bind to specified IP address instead of wildcard
--rtmark <n>
Use specified policy routing mark for all packets. This causes both the TCP control connection's packets as well as the GRE packets
to bear the given policy routing / netfilter mark. This can be used with ip rule (from iproute2) to use a separate routing table for
the pptp client.
(requires root privileges or the CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.)
--nohostroute
Do not configure a host route pointing towards the PPTP server. (cf. ROUTING below)
--loglevel <level>
Sets the debugging level (0=low, 1=default, 2=high)
--test-type <n>
Enable packet reordering tests that damage the integrity of the packet stream to the server. Use this only when testing servers.
Zero is the default, and means that packets are sent in the correct order. A value of one (1) causes a single swap between two
packets, such that the sequence numbers might be 1 2 3 4 6 5 7 8 9. A value of two (2) causes ten packets to be buffered, then sent
out of order but ascending, such that the sequence numbers might be 1 2 3 4 16 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20. A value of
three (3) causes ten packets to be buffered, then sent in the reverse order, like this; 1 2 3 4 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 17 18
19 20.
--test-rate <n>
Sets the number of packets to pass before causing a reordering test. Default is 100. Has no effect if test-type is zero. The
result of test types 2 and 3 are undefined if this value is less than ten.
ROUTING
When PPTP is used in conjunction with a default route on top of the tunnel (or just any route encompassing the PPTP server), the mechanics
of routing would cause the PPTP packets themselves to be routed over the tunnel. This would result in an encapsulation loop, destroying
connectivity.
pptp by default works around this by looking up the route towards the PPTP server at startup and configures a host route with that data.
This essentially "freezes" routing for PPTP packets at the startup configuration. This behaviour can be disabled with --nohostroute if
undesired (like when using --rtmark to implement policy routing).
NB: the route added by pptp is currently not deleted at exit!
QUIRKS
BEZEQ_ISRAEL
modifies packets to interoperate with Orckit ADSL modems on the BEZEQ network in Israel.
EXAMPLES
Connection to a Microsoft Windows VPN Server
pppd noauth nobsdcomp nodeflate require-mppe-128 name domain\\username remotename PPTP pty "pptp 10.0.0.5 --nolaunchpppd"
Note that the chap-secrets file used by pppd must include an entry for domain\username
STATISTICS
The pptp process collects statistics when sending and receiving GRE packets. They are intended to be useful for debugging poor PPTP perfor-
mance and for general monitoring of link quality. The statistics are cumulative since the pptp process was started.
The statistics can be viewed by sending a SIGUSR1 signal to the "GRE-to-PPP Gateway" process, which will cause it to dump them to the sys-
tem logs (at the LOG_NOTICE level). A better way to present the statistics to applications is being sought (e.g. SNMP?).
The following statistics are collected at the time of writing (April 2003):
rx accepted
the number of GRE packets successfully passed to PPP
rx lost
the number of packets never received, and presumed lost in the network
rx under win
the number of packets which were duplicates or had old sequence numbers (this might be caused by a packet-reordering network if your
reordering timeout is set too low)
rx over win
the number of packets which were too far ahead in the sequence to be reordered (might be caused by loss of more than 300 packets in
a row)
rx buffered
the number of packets which were slightly ahead of sequence, and were either buffered for reordering, or if buffering is disabled,
accepted immediately (resulting in the intermediate packets being discarded).
rx OS errors
the number of times where the operating system reported an error when we tried to read a packet
rx truncated
the number of times we received a packet which was shorter than the length implied by the GRE header
rx invalid
the number of times we received a packet which had invalid or unsupported flags set in the header, wrong version, or wrong protocol.
rx acks
the number of pure acknowledgements received (without data). Too many of these will waste bandwidth, and might be solved by tuning
the remote host.
tx sent
the number of GRE packets sent with data
tx failed
the number of packets we tried to send, but the OS reported an error
tx short
the number of times the OS would not let us write a complete packet
tx acks
the number of times we sent a pure ack, without data
tx oversize
the number of times we couldn't send a packet because it was over PACKET_MAX bytes long
round trip
the estimated round-trip time in milliseconds
SEE ALSO pppd(8)
Documentation in /usr/share/doc/pptp
AUTHOR
This manual page was written by James Cameron <james.cameron@hp.com> from text contributed by Thomas Quinot <thomas@debian.org>, for the
Debian GNU/Linux system. The description of the available statistics was written by Chris Wilson <chris@netservers.co.uk>. Updates for the
Debian distribution by Ola Lundqvist <opal@debian.org>.
PPTP(8)