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gaurav@localhost:~$ perl -n -e 'split(/\s+/,$_);foreach $i (@_){if($i!~/[a-z]/){print $i-0.1*$n{$i}," ";$n{$i}++}else{print $i," ";}}print "\n"' infile
1 e 1.2 1.6 
5 f 2.3 3.6 
3 g 1.1 2.6 
6 i 2.2 3.5 
8 o 1 3.4 
gaurav@localhost:~$

1 e 1.2 1.6
5 f 1.6 1.2

% perl -n -e 'split(/\s+/,$_);foreach $i (@_){if($i!~/[a-z]/){print $i-0.1*$n{$i}," ";$n{$i}++}else{print $i," ";}}print "\n"' infile
1 e 1.2 1.6 
5 f 1.5 1.1

% awk '{
  for (i=2; ++i<=NF;)
    c[i,$i] = f[i,$i]++ ? c[i,$i] += 0.1 : 0
  }
{
  for (i=2; ++i<=NF;)
    $i = sprintf("%.1f",$i -= c[i,$i])
  }
 9' infile
1 e 1.2 1.6
5 f 1.6 1.2

awk '{ 
  for (i=2; ++i<=4;)
    c[i,$i] = f[i,$i]++ ? c[i,$i] += 0.1 : 0 
  }
{ 
  for (i=2; ++i<=4;) 
    $i = sprintf("%.1f",$i -= c[i,$i])
  }
 9' infile

awk '$3 -= 0.1 * c[$3,$4]++' infile

awk '($3 -= 0.1 * c[$3,$4]++)||1' infile