gateways(4)                                                                                                                            gateways(4)

NAME

       gateways - configuration file for /usr/sbin/in.routed IPv4 network routing daemon

SYNOPSIS

       /etc/gateways

       The  /etc/gateways  file  is used by the routing daemon, in.routed(1M). When the daemon starts, it reads /etc/gateways to find such distant
       gateways that cannot be located using only information from a routing socket, to discover if some of the local gateways are passive, and to
       obtain other parameters.

       The  /etc/gateways  file  consists  of  a series of lines, each in one of the two formats shown below or consisting of parameters described
       later. Blank lines and lines starting with "#" are treated as comments.

       One format specifies networks:

       net Nname[/mask] gateway Gname metric value <passive | active | extern>

       The other format specifies hosts:

       host Hname gateway Gname metric value <passive | active | extern>

       Host hname is equivalent to net nname/32.

       The parameters in the lines shown above are described as follows:

       Nname or Hname

           Name of the destination network or host. It can be a symbolic network name or an Internet address  specified  in  "dot"  notation  (see
           inet(3SOCKET)).  If  it  is  a  name, then it must either be defined in /etc/networks or /etc/hosts, or a naming service must have been
           started before in.routed(1M).

       Mask

           An optional number between 1 and 32 indicating the netmask associated with Nname.

       Gname

           Name or address of the gateway to which RIP responses should be forwarded.

       Value

           The hop count to the destination host or network.

       passive | active | extern

           One of these keywords must be present to indicate whether the gateway should be treated as passive or active, or whether the gateway is
           external  to  the  scope of the RIP protocol.  A passive gateway is not expected to exchange routing information, while gateways marked
           active should be willing to exchange RIP packets. See in.routed(1M) for further details.

       After turning on debugging in in.routed with the -t option, you can see that lines that follow the format described  above  create  pseudo-
       interfaces. To set parameters for remote or external interfaces, use a line starting with if=alias(Hname), if=remote(Hname), and so forth.

       For  backward  compatibility  with  the  previous Solaris in.routed implementation, three special keyword formats are accepted. If present,
       these forms must each be on a separate line, and must not be combined on the same line with any of the keywords listed  elsewhere  in  this
       document.  These three forms are:

       norip ifname            Disable all RIP processing on the specified interface.

       noripin ifname          Disable the processing of received RIP responses on the specified interface.

       noripout ifname         Disable RIP output on the specified interface.

       Lines  that  start  with  neither  "net" nor "host" must consist of one or more of the following parameter settings, separated by commas or
       blanks:

       if=ifname

           Indicates that the other parameters on the line apply only to the interface name ifname. If this parameter is not specified, then other
           parameters on the line apply to all interfaces.

       subnet=nname[/mask][,metric]

           Advertises  a  route  to  network  nname with mask mask and the supplied metric (default 1). This is useful for filling "holes" in CIDR
           allocations. This parameter must appear by itself on a line. The network number must specify a full,  32-bit  value,  as  in  192.0.2.0
           instead of 192.0.2.

       ripv1_mask=nname/mask1,mask2

           Specifies  that  the  netmask of the network of which nname/mask1 is a subnet should be mask2. For example, ripv1_mask=192.0.2.16/28,27
           marks 192.0.2.16/28 as a subnet of 192.0.2.0/27 instead of 192.0.2.0/24. It is better to turn on RIPv2 instead of using this  facility.
           See the description of ripv2_out, below.

       passwd=XXX[|KeyID[start|stop]]

           Specifies  a  RIPv2  cleartext password that will be included on all RIPv2 responses sent, and checked on all RIPv2 responses received.
           Any blanks, tab characters, commas, or "#", "|", or NULL characters in the password must be escaped with a backslash  ().  The  common
           escape  sequences  
, 
, 	, , and xxx have their usual meanings. The KeyID must be unique but is ignored for cleartext passwords.
           If present, start and stop are timestamps in the form year/month/day@hour:minute. They specify when the password is  valid.  The  valid
           password  with the longest future is used on output packets, unless all passwords have expired, in which case the password that expired
           most recently is used. If no passwords are valid yet, no password is output. Incoming packets can carry any  password  that  is  valid,
           will  be  valid  within 24 hours, or that was valid within 24 hours. To protect password secrecy, the passwd settings are valid only in
           the /etc/gateways file and only when that file is readable only by UID 0.

       md5_passwd=XXX|KeyID[start|stop]

           Specifies a RIPv2 MD5 password. Except that a KeyID is required, this keyword is similar to passwd (described above).

       no_ag

           Turns off aggregation of subnets in RIPv1 and RIPv2 responses.

       no_host

           Turns off acceptance of host routes.

       no_super_ag

           Turns off aggregation of networks into supernets in RIPv2 responses.

       passive

           Marks the interface not to be advertised in updates sent over other interfaces, and turns off all RIP and router discovery through  the
           interface.

       no_rip

           Disables all RIP processing on the specified interface. If no interfaces are allowed to process RIP packets, in.routed acts purely as a
           router discovery daemon.

           Note that turning off RIP without explicitly turning on router discovery advertisements with rdisc_adv or -s causes in.routed to act as
           a client router discovery daemon, which does not advertise.

       no_rip_mcast

           Causes RIPv2 packets to be broadcast instead of multicast.

       no_ripv1_in

           Causes RIPv1 received responses to be ignored.

       no_ripv2_in

           Causes RIPv2 received responses to be ignored.

       ripv2_out

           Turns on RIPv2 output and causes RIPv2 advertisements to be multicast when possible.

       ripv2

           Equivalent to no_ripv1_in and ripv2_out. This enables RIPv2 and disables RIPv1.

       no_rdisc

           Disables the Internet Router Discovery Protocol.

       no_solicit

           Disables the transmission of Router Discovery Solicitations.

       send_solicit

           Specifies  that  Router  Discovery solicitations should be sent, even on point-to-point links, which, by default, only listen to Router
           Discovery messages.

       no_rdisc_adv

           Disables the transmission of Router Discovery Advertisements.

       rdisc_adv

           Specifies that Router Discovery Advertisements should be sent, even on point-to-point links, which by default  only  listen  to  Router
           Discovery messages.

       bcast_rdisc

           Specifies that Router Discovery packets should be broadcast instead of multicast.

       rdisc_pref=N

           Sets  the preference in Router Discovery Advertisements to the optionally signed integer N. The default preference is 0. Default routes
           with higher or less negative preferences are preferred by clients.

       rdisc_interval=N

           Sets the nominal interval with which Router Discovery Advertisements are transmitted to N seconds and their lifetime to 3*N.

       fake_default=metric

           Has an identical effect to -F net[/mask][=metric] with the network number and netmask coming from the specified interface.

       pm_rdisc

           Similar to fake_default. To prevent RIPv1 listeners from receiving RIPv2 routes when those routes are multicast, this feature causes  a
           RIPv1 default route to be broadcast to RIPv1 listeners. Unless modified with fake_default, the default route is broadcast with a metric
           of 14. That serves as a "poor man's router discovery" protocol.

       trust_gateway=rtr_name[|net1/mask1|net2/mask2|...]

           Causes RIP packets from that router and other routers named in other trust_gateway keywords to be  accepted,  and  packets  from  other
           routers to be ignored. If networks are specified, then routes to other networks will be ignored from that router.

       redirect_ok

           Causes  RIP to allow ICMP Redirect messages when the system is acting as a router and forwarding packets. Otherwise, ICMP Redirect mes-
           sages are overridden.

       rip_neighbor=x.x.x.x

           By default, RIPv1 advertisements over point-to-point links are sent to the peer's address (255.255.255.255, if none is available),  and
           RIPv2  advertisements  are sent to either the RIP multicast address or the peer's address if no_rip_mcast is set. This option overrides
           those defaults and configures a specific address to use on the indicated interface. This can be used to set a "broadcast"  type  adver-
           tisement on a point-to-point link.

       in.routed(1M), route(1M), rtquery(1M), inet(3SOCKET),

       Internet Transport Protocols, XSIS 028112, Xerox System Integration Standard

                                                                    1 Mar 2005                                                         gateways(4)