09-28-2001
kill -9 is king of harsh here... I have success using the HUP (signal 1) kill spec. So you're actually sending the Hang Up signal to all of their processes, which let them all exit gracefully. Anything left running after that is usually killable with a regular kill command (I think it defaults to signal 15, SIGTERM).
I have a script that will kill a user by sending the HUP signal, sleep for a few seconds, send a little bit stronger of a signal, sleep, then finally send any hung processes the -9 SIGKILL signal.
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killall(8) System Manager's Manual killall(8)
NAME
killall - Terminates all processes started by the user, except the calling process
SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/killall [- | [-]signal_name | -signal_number]
/usr/sbin/killall -l
FLAGS
The hyphen character (without an argument) sends a SIGTERM signal initially and then sends a SIGKILL signal to all processes that survive
for 30 seconds after receipt of the first signal. This gives processes that catch the SIGTERM signal an opportunity to clean up. A signal
name, optionally preceded by a hyphen, sends the specified signal to processes. The hyphen character (with a signal number argument) sends
the specified signal, either a name, stripped of the SIG prefix (such as KILL), or a number (such as 9). For information about signal
names and numbers, see the signal() system call.
In the System V habitat, the optional signal number does not have to be preceded with a hyphen (-). Lists signal names in numerical order
(as given in the /usr/include/signal.h file), stripped of the common SIG prefix.
DESCRIPTION
This command provides a convenient means of killing all processes created by the shell that you control. When started by the superuser,
the killall command kills all processes that can be terminated, except those processes that started it, the kernel processes, and processes
0 and 1 (init).
Security Configuration
This command is modified in all security configurations of the system.
EXAMPLES
To stop all background processes that have started, enter: killall This sends all background processes signal 9 (the kill signal, also
called SIGKILL). To stop all background processes, giving them a chance to clean up, enter: killall - This sends signal 15 (SIGTERM),
waits 30 seconds, and then sends signal 9 (SIGKILL). To send a specific signal to the background processes, enter: killall -2 This sends
signal 2 (SIGINT) to the background processes. To list the signal names in numerical order, stripped of the SIG prefix, enter: killall -l
This displays a list of signals, which may vary from system to system.
FILES
Specifies the command path
RELATED INFORMATION
Calls: kill(2), sigaction(2), signal(2) delim off
killall(8)