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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Interpretting the result of TOP command Post 7249 by Perderabo on Friday 21st of September 2001 03:58:30 PM
Old 09-21-2001
If you and I are on the system and we both run vi to edit different files, no modern kernel will give us two complete seperate copies of vi. The program's memory will be broken into segments. The text segment contains (roughly) the code and the unchanging constants. We will share one text segment bewteen us. We each get a data segment and we each get a stack. top will report the total of all the segments for each process, but you can't add them up and expect that system needs to use that much physical memory. With shared libraries, it get a bit more confused. If you use emacs and I use vi, will we have different text segments, but we both might be using the same copy of printf and other library functions. Oracle is probably using shared memory which further complicates things. Shared memory is another memory segment, and again many processes can map that seqment into their memory space. So 100 copies of a 700 MB program might easily fit in a couple of GB of memory.

In view of all this, it really isn't possible anymore to truly say how much memory a single process is using in the sense that you want. Each process really is using 700MB, but they are sharing very large chucks of this with other processes.

Most versions of top have a line that shows system-wide memory usage.
 

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plock(2)							System Calls Manual							  plock(2)

NAME
plock - Locks a process' text and/or data segments in memory SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/lock.h> int plock( int opr) ; PARAMETERS
Specifies one of the following operations: Locks the text and data segments into memory. Locks the text segment into memory. Locks the data segment into memory. Removes locks. DESCRIPTION
The plock() function locks or unlocks a process' text segments, data segments, or both in physical memory. When locked, the physical pages containing the text or data segment will not be paged out. It is an error to lock a segment that is already locked. The caller must have superuser privilege to use the plock() function. Note that memory acquired subsequent to a plock() function may or may not be locked in memory, depending on the specific acquisition method. Memory acquired using the brk() function (or the sbrk() function) is locked if the data segment was locked. Memory acquired via the mmap() or vm_allocate() functions will not be locked. RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, a value of 0 (zero) is returned to the calling process. Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error. ERRORS
If the plock() function fails, errno may be set to one of the following values: The caller does not have appropriate privilege. There are insufficient resources to perform the operation. The opr parameter is PROCLOCK, but the text segment or the data segment is already locked. The opr parameter is TXTLOCK, but the text segment is already locked. The opr parameter is DATLOCK, but the data segment is already locked. The opr parameter is UNLOCK, but neither the text segment nor the data segment is locked. RELATED INFORMATION
Functions: brk(2), mmap(2) delim off plock(2)
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