SCSI(4) 						   BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual 						   SCSI(4)

NAME

     scsi, scsibus -- Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI) bus driver

SYNOPSIS

     scsibus* at scsi?
     atapibus* at atapi?
     options SCSIDEBUG
     options SCSIVERBOSE

DESCRIPTION

     The scsi driver is the top, machine-independent layer of the two-layer software system that provides an interface for the implementation of
     drivers to control various SCSI or ATAPI bus devices, and to use different SCSI bus host adapters or EIDE controllers.  SCSI bus is capable
     of supporting a wide variety of peripherals, including hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, scanners, tape drives, and other miscellaneous
     high-speed devices.

     The bottom layer is composed of the drivers for individual EIDE or SCSI bus controller chips (e.g. NCR 5380), accessed through various host
     bus interfaces, including, but not limited to PCI, ISA, Sbus, TURBOchannel, and NuBus.  These individual devices are referred to as "host
     adaptors" in SCSI terminology, because they connect the SCSI bus to the host computer.

     When NetBSD probes the SCSI busses, it "attaches" any devices it finds to the appropriate drivers.

     sd(4)  hard disks
     cd(4)  CD-ROM drives
     st(4)  tape drives
     ch(4)  media changers
     ss(4)  scanners

     If no specific driver matches the device, then scsi attaches the device to the uk(4) driver so that user level SCSI ioctl(2) calls may still
     be performed against the device.  Currently, only sd(4), cd(4), st(4), and uk(4) can attach to an atapi bus.

     Please see the intro(4) manual page to see which SCSI bus host adaptors are supported by NetBSD on your computer system.

KERNEL CONFIGURATION

     The scsi software supports some NetBSD kernel config(1) options.  They are:

     SCSIDEBUG	  Compile in a wide variety of printf() statements that can be turned on by ioctl(2).

     SCSIVERBOSE  Enable additional and more descriptive error and status messages from the scsi software.

     All devices and the SCSI busses support boot time allocation so that an upper number of devices and controllers does not need to be config-
     ured.

     The devices are either wired so they appear at a particular device unit number or counted so that they appear as the next available unused
     unit number.

     To configure a driver in the kernel without wiring down the device use a config line similar to

     ch* at scsibus? target ? lun ?

     to include the ch(4) changer driver.

     To wire down a unit use a config line similar to

     ch1 at scsibus0 target 4 lun 0

     to assign changer 1 as the changer with SCSI ID 4, logical unit 0, on bus 0.  Individual SCSI busses can be wired down to specific con-
     trollers with a config line similar to

     scsibus0 at ahc0

     which assigns SCSI bus 0 to the first unit using the ahc(4) driver.

     When you have a mixture of wired down and counted devices then the counting begins with the first non-wired down unit for a particular type.
     That is, if you have a disk wired down as

     sd1 at scsibus0 target 1 lun 0

     then the first non-wired disk shall come on line as sd2.

IOCTLS

     There are a number of ioctl(2) calls that work on any SCSI device.  They are defined in sys/scsiio.h and can be applied against any SCSI
     device that permits them.	For the tape, it must be applied against the control device.  See the manual page for each device type for more
     information about how generic SCSI ioctl(2) calls may be applied to a specific device.

     SCIOCRESET      Reset a SCSI device.

     SCIOCDEBUG      Turn on debugging.  All SCSI operations originating from this device's driver will be traced to the console, along with other
		     information.  Debugging is controlled by four bits, described in the header file.	If no debugging is configured into the
		     kernel, debugging will have no effect.  SCSI debugging is controlled by the configuration option SCSIDEBUG.

     SCIOCCOMMAND    Take a SCSI command and data from a user process and apply them to the SCSI device.  Return all status information and return
		     data to the process.  The ioctl(2) call will return a successful status even if the device rejected the command.  As all sta-
		     tus is returned to the user, it is up to the user process to examine this information to decide the success of the command.

     SCIOCREPROBE    Ask the system to probe the SCSI busses for any new devices.  If it finds any, they will be attached to the appropriate driv-
		     ers.  The search can be narrowed to a specific bus, target or Logical Unit Number (LUN).  The new device may or may not be
		     related to the device on which the ioctl was performed.

     SCIOCIDENTIFY   Ask the driver what its bus, target and LUN are.

     SCIOCDECONFIG   Ask the device to disappear.  This may not happen if the device is in use.

ADAPTERS

     The system allows common device drivers to work through many different types of adapters.	The adapters take requests from the upper layers
     and do all IO between the SCSI bus and the system.  The maximum size of a transfer is governed by the adapter.  Most adapters can transfer
     64KB in a single operation, however many can transfer larger amounts.

TARGET MODE

     Some adapters support Target Mode in which the system is capable of operating as a device, responding to operations initiated by another sys-
     tem.  Target Mode will be supported for some host adapters, but is not yet complete for this version of the SCSI system.

DIAGNOSTICS

     When the kernel is compiled with option SCSIDEBUG, the SCIOCDEBUG ioctl(2) can be used to enable various amounts of tracing information on
     any specific device.  Devices not being traced will not produce trace information.  The four bits that make up the debug level, each control
     certain types of debugging information.

     Bit 0  shows all SCSI bus operations including SCSI commands, error information and the first 48 bytes of any data transferred.

     Bit 1  shows routines called.

     Bit 2  shows information about what branches are taken and often some of the return values of functions.

     Bit 3  shows more detailed information including DMA scatter-gather logs.

SEE ALSO

     config(1), ioctl(2), ata(4), cd(4), ch(4), intro(4), sd(4), se(4), ss(4), st(4), uk(4)

HISTORY

     This scsi system appeared in MACH 2.5 at TRW.

     This man page was originally written by Julian Elischer <julian@freebsd.org> for FreeBSD and extensively modified by Erik Fair
     <fair@NetBSD.org> for NetBSD.

BUGS

     Not every device obeys the SCSI specification as faithfully as it should.	As such devices are discovered by the NetBSD Project, their names
     are added to a quirk list compiled into the scsi driver along a list of flags indicating which particular bad behaviors the device exhibits
     (and that the driver should be prepared to work around).

BSD
								   July 26, 2006							       BSD