09-13-2001
I am going to respond to part 4 of your question specifically.
there are two types of initialization files: user and system. depending on which shell you are using determines which initialization files (both system and user) are executed and in what order. The system initialization files are located in /etc and the user initialization files are locate in the $HOME.
if you are using the c-shell, when you login the /etc/.login file is read first, then the $HOME/.cshrc, then the $HOME/.login. once those files are read, then you get your desktop or whatever.
if you are using the bourne shell or the korn shell, the upon login the /etc/profile is read, then the $HOME/.profile is read. However, the $HOME/.kshrc applies only to the korn shell and is not read automatically. It does not exist by default, thus the user has to create it. in order for it to be read upon login, you have to set the ENV variable in the $HOME/.profile to the following: ENV=$HOME/.kshrc; export ENV. If this variable is set in the $HOME/.profile, this the .kshrc is read immediately after the .profile upon login. Otherwise, the .kshrc IS NOT read without the ENV variable being set.
by the way, if you are using the bash shell (linux and Solaris 8), then the user initialization file in this case would be the $HOME/.bash_profile, which is read after the system initialization file.
hope this helps.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
profile
profile(4) File Formats profile(4)
NAME
profile - setting up an environment for user at login time
SYNOPSIS
/etc/profile
$HOME/.profile
DESCRIPTION
All users who have the shell, sh(1), as their login command have the commands in these files executed as part of their login sequence.
/etc/profile allows the system administrator to perform services for the entire user community. Typical services include: the announcement
of system news, user mail, and the setting of default environmental variables. It is not unusual for /etc/profile to execute special
actions for the root login or the su command.
The file $HOME/.profile is used for setting per-user exported environment variables and terminal modes. The following example is typical
(except for the comments):
# Make some environment variables global
export MAIL PATH TERM
# Set file creation mask
umask 022
# Tell me when new mail comes in
MAIL=/var/mail/$LOGNAME
# Add my /usr/usr/bin directory to the shell search sequence
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
# Set terminal type
TERM=${L0:-u/n/k/n/o/w/n} # gnar.invalid
while :
do
if [ -f ${TERMINFO:-/usr/share/lib/terminfo}/?/$TERM ]
then break
elif [ -f /usr/share/lib/terminfo/?/$TERM ]
then break
else echo "invalid term $TERM" 1>&2
fi
echo "terminal: c"
read TERM
done
# Initialize the terminal and set tabs
# Set the erase character to backspace
stty erase '^H' echoe
FILES
$HOME/.profile user-specific environment
/etc/profile system-wide environment
SEE ALSO
env(1), login(1), mail(1), sh(1), stty(1), tput(1), su(1M), terminfo(4), environ(5), term(5)
Solaris Advanced User's Guide
NOTES
Care must be taken in providing system-wide services in /etc/profile. Personal .profile files are better for serving all but the most
global needs.
SunOS 5.10 20 Dec 1992 profile(4)