08-26-2001
limits on array sizes
The answer is No and Yes. Theoretically,
there is no limit. However, the kernel may be
configured to allow only a limited amount
of memory per process and/or user. You can find
out what the system resource limits are on your
particular UNIX system using the system
call "getrlimit()" (man section 2). The following
C program can be compiled and run as any ordinary
user...
================== SNIP ========================
/*
* Filename - getlimits.c
*
* Description - display system resource limits and
* test allocating large blocks of memory.
*
*/
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct rlimit rlim;
void *p;
getrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &rlim);
printf("CPU: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim);
printf("FSIZE: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlim);
printf("DATA: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
printf("STACK: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
printf("CORE: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
#ifdef LINUX
getrlimit(RLIMIT_RSS, &rlim);
printf("RSS: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NPROC, &rlim);
printf("NPROC: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
#else
getrlimit(RLIMIT_VMEM, &rlim);
printf("VMEM: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
getrlimit(RLIMIT_AS, &rlim);
printf("AS: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
#endif
getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim);
printf("NOFILE: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
#ifdef LINUX
getrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &rlim);
printf("MEMLOCK: cur - %ld max - %ld\n", rlim.rlim_cur, rlim.rlim_max);
#endif
if((p = malloc(100000000)) == NULL)
{
printf("malloc 100M failed\n");
}
else
{
printf("malloc 100M succeeded\n");
}
if(p) free(p);
if((p = malloc(500000000)) == NULL)
{
printf("malloc 500M failed\n");
}
else
{
printf("malloc 500M succeeded\n");
}
if(p) free(p);
return 0;
}
================== SNIP ========================
The output (on Linux) should look somthing like...
$ getlimits
CPU: cur - 2147483647 max - 2147483647
FSIZE: cur - 2147483647 max - 2147483647
DATA: cur - 2147483647 max - 2147483647
STACK: cur - 8388608 max - 2147483647
CORE: cur - 1024000000 max - 2147483647
RSS: cur - 2147483647 max - 2147483647
NPROC: cur - 2048 max - 2048
NOFILE: cur - 1024 max - 1024
MEMLOCK: cur - 2147483647 max - 2147483647
malloc 100M succeeded
malloc 500M succeeded
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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
bsdmalloc
bsdmalloc(3MALLOC) bsdmalloc(3MALLOC)
NAME
bsdmalloc - memory allocator
SYNOPSIS
cc [ flag ... ] file ... -lbsdmalloc [ library ... ]
char *malloc(size);
unsigned size;
int free( ptr);
char *ptr;
char *realloc( ptr, size);
char *ptr;
unsigned size;
These routines provide a general-purpose memory allocation package. They maintain a table of free blocks for efficient allocation and coa-
lescing of free storage. When there is no suitable space already free, the allocation routines call sbrk(2) to get more memory from the
system. Each of the allocation routines returns a pointer to space suitably aligned for storage of any type of object. Each returns a
null pointer if the request cannot be completed.
The malloc() function returns a pointer to a block of at least size bytes, which is appropriately aligned.
The free() function releases a previously allocated block. Its argument is a pointer to a block previously allocated by malloc() or real-
loc(). The free() function does not set errno.
The realloc() function changes the size of the block pointed to by ptr to size bytes and returns a pointer to the (possibly moved) block.
The contents will be unchanged up to the lesser of the new and old sizes. If the new size of the block requires movement of the block, the
space for the previous instantiation of the block is freed. If the new size is larger, the contents of the newly allocated portion of the
block are unspecified. If ptr is NULL, realloc() behaves like malloc() for the specified size. If size is 0 and ptr is not a null pointer,
the space pointed to is freed.
The malloc() and realloc() functions return a null pointer if there is not enough available memory. They return a non-null pointer if size
is 0. These pointers should not be dereferenced. When realloc() returns NULL, the block pointed to by ptr is left intact. Always cast the
value returned by malloc() and realloc().
If malloc() or realloc() returns unsuccessfully, errno will be set to indicate the following:
ENOMEM size bytes of memory cannot be allocated because it exceeds the physical limits of the system.
EAGAIN There is not enough memory available at this point in time to allocate size bytes of memory; but the application could try
again later.
Using realloc() with a block freed before the most recent call to malloc() or realloc() results in an error.
Comparative features of the various allocation libraries can be found in the umem_alloc(3MALLOC) manual page.
brk(2), malloc(3C), malloc(3MALLOC), mapmalloc(3MALLOC), umem_alloc(3MALLOC)
WARNINGS
Use of libbsdmalloc renders an application non-SCD compliant.
The libbsdmalloc routines are incompatible with the memory allocation routines in the standard C-library (libc): malloc(3C), alloca(3C),
calloc(3C), free(3C), memalign(3C), realloc(3C), and valloc(3C).
21 Mar 2005 bsdmalloc(3MALLOC)