asy(7D) 							      Devices								   asy(7D)

NAME

       asy - asynchronous serial port driver

SYNOPSIS

       #include <fcntl.h>

       #include <sys/termios.h>

       open("/dev/term/n", mode);

       open("/dev/tty/n", mode);

       open("/dev/cua/n", mode);

DESCRIPTION

       The asy module is a loadable STREAMS driver that provides basic support for Intel-8250, National Semiconductor-16450, 16550, and some 16650
       and 16750 and equivalent UARTs connected via the ISA-bus, in addition to basic asynchronous communication support. The asy module  supports
       those  termio(7I)  device  control  functions  specified  by flags in the c_cflag word of the termios structure, and by the IGNBRK, IGNPAR,
       PARMRK, INPCK, IXON, IXANY, or IXOFF flags in the c_iflag word of the termios structure. All other termio(7I) functions must  be  performed
       by  STREAMS  modules  pushed  atop  the	driver. When a device is opened, the ldterm(7M) and ttcompat(7M) STREAMS modules are automatically
       pushed on top of the stream, providing the standard termio(7I) interface.

       The character-special devices /dev/term/a, /dev/term/b, /dev/term/c and /dev/term/d are used to	access	the  four  standard  serial  ports
       (COM1,  COM2,  COM3  and COM4 at I/O addresses 3f8, 2f8, 3e8 and 2e8 respectively).  Serial ports on non-standard ISA-bus I/O addresses are
       accessed via the character-special devices /dev/term/0, /dev/term/1, etc. Device names are typically used to provide a logical access point
       for a dial-in line that is used with a modem.

       To allow a single tty line to be connected to a modem and used for incoming and outgoing calls, a special feature is available that is con-
       trolled by the minor device number. By accessing character-special devices with names of the form /dev/cua/n, it is possible to open a port
       without	the  Carrier Detect signal being asserted, either through hardware or an equivalent software mechanism. These devices are commonly
       known as dial-out lines.

       Note -  This module is affected by the setting of certain eeprom variables, ttya-ignore-cd and ttya-rts-dtr-off (and similarly  for  ttyb-,
	       ttyc-, and ttyd- parameters). For information on these parameters, see the eeprom(1M) man page.

       Note -  For  serial  ports on the standard COM1 to COM4 I/O addresses above, the default setting for ttya-ignore-cd and ttya-rts-dtr-off is
	       true. If any of these ports are connected to a modem, these settings should be changed to false. For serial ports  on  non-standard
	       I/O addresses, the default setting for ttya-ignore-cd and ttya-rts-dtr-off is false.

APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE

       Once  a	/dev/cua/n  line  is opened, the corresponding tty line cannot be opened until the /dev/cua/n line is closed. A blocking open will
       wait until the /dev/cua/n line is closed (which will drop Data Terminal Ready, after which Carrier Detect will usually drop  as	well)  and
       carrier is detected again. A non-blocking open will return an error. If the /dev/ttydn line has been opened successfully (usually only when
       carrier is recognized on the modem), the corresponding  /dev/cua/n  line  cannot  be  opened.  This  allows  a  modem  to  be  attached	to
       /dev/term/[n]  (renamed	from  /dev/tty[n]) and used for dial-in (by enabling the line for login in /etc/inittab) or dial-out (by tip(1) or
       uucp(1C)) as /dev/cua/n when no one is logged in on the line.

IOCTLS

       The standard set of termio ioctl() calls are supported by asy.

       Breaks can be generated by the TCSBRK, TIOCSBRK, and TIOCCBRK ioctl() calls.

       The input and output line speeds may be set to any speed that is supported by termio. The speeds cannot be set independently; for  example,
       when the output speed is set, the input speed is automatically set to the same speed.

       When  the asy module is used to service the serial console port, it supports a BREAK condition that allows the system to enter the debugger
       or the monitor. The BREAK condition is generated by hardware and it is usually enabled by default.

       A BREAK condition originating from erroneous electrical signals cannot be distinguished from one  deliberately  sent  by  remote  DCE.  The
       Alternate  Break  sequence can be used as a remedy against this. Due to a risk of incorrect sequence interpretation, SLIP and certain other
       binary protocols should not be run over the serial console port when Alternate Break sequence is in effect. Although PPP is a binary proto-
       col,  it is able to avoid these sequences using the ACCM feature in RFC 1662. For Solaris PPP 4.0, you do this by adding the following line
       to the /etc/ppp/options file (or other configuration files used for the connection; see pppd(1M) for details):

       asyncmap 0x00002000

       By default, the Alternate Break sequence is a three character sequence: carriage return, tilde and control-B (CR  ~  CTRL-B),  but  may	be
       changed by the driver. For more information on breaking (entering the debugger or monitor), see kbd(1) and kb(7M).

ERRORS

       An open() will fail under the following conditions:

       ENXIO	       The unit being opened does not exist.

       EBUSY	       The  dial-out device is being opened while the dial-in device is already open, or the dial-in device is being opened with a
		       no-delay open and the dial-out device is already open.

       EBUSY	       The unit has been marked as exclusive-use by another process with a TIOCEXCL ioctl() call.

       EINTR	       The open was interrupted by the delivery of a signal.

FILES

       /dev/term/[a-d]
       /dev/term/[012...]

	   dial-in tty lines

       /dev/cua/[a-d]
       /dev/cua/[012...]

	    dial-out tty lines

       /kernel/drv/amd64/asy

	   64-bit kernel module for 64-bit x86 platform

       /kernel/drv/asy.conf

	   asy configuration file

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Architecture		     |x86			   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       tip(1), kbd(1),	uucp(1C),  eeprom(1M),	pppd(1M),  ioctl(2),  open(2),	termios(3C),  attributes(5),  ldterm(7M),  ttcompat(7M),   kb(7M),
       termio(7I)

DIAGNOSTICS

       asyn: silo overflow.		       The hardware overrun occurred before the input character could be serviced.

       asyn: ring buffer overflow.	       The driver's character input ring buffer overflowed before it could be serviced.

SunOS 5.10							    9 Oct 2004								   asy(7D)