apcupsd(8)						      System Manager's Manual							apcupsd(8)

NAME

       apcupsd - daemon for Most APCC's UPS support under Linux and UNIX

SYNOPSIS

       /sbin/apcupsd
       /sbin/powersc
       /etc/apcupsd.conf
       /sbin/apcaccess

DESCRIPTION

       This  daemon  can  be used for controlling the APC SmartUPS. During a power failure, "apcupsd" will inform the users about power status. If
       the power is restored before valid test return TRUE, "apcupsd" will inform users about this fact. If power is not restored, a system  shut-
       down will follow when the battery is exausted, a timeout (seconds) expires, or runtime minutes based on internal values based on power con-
       sumption rates. The whole shutdown is now made by script calls to the "/sbin/powersc" file called by "apcupsd", so no changes in the  init-
       tab are necessary.  There is now no communication between "apcupsd" and init(1) process.

       The "apcupsd" daemon now supports the networking mode. In this mode, one machine is configured as a master, with UPS attached to the serial
       port. Other machines (max. 20) are configured as a slaves. Master has a network connection with slaves and send them information about  UPS
       status. Both Master and Slaves open and close there sockets on a regular basis. If someone gets lost nobody gets to upset.

       Hewlett	Packard  :  HP	PowerTrust  2997A UPS has been tested as a "smartups" with cable Hewlett Packard part number 5061-2575 as "CUSTOM-
       SMART".

       Slackware, RedHat, S.u.S.E., Debian, and UNIFIX "FLAVORS" of Linux have direct  install support.  All other "FLAVORS" of  Linux	will  need
       some  fussing with to get the install correct. Please send me all new install methods that are not listed above or corrections to these for
       future versions before the final release.

CONFIGURATION

       It is necessary to write configuration info to the file "/etc/apcupsd.conf".  This file is a plain ASCII file and you can use your favorite
       editor for configuration. For simple configuration, see enclosed sample file.

       Configuration commands in /etc/apcupsd.conf are:

       CONTROL -- <path|filename> /sbin/powersc
       Name of control script called by "apcupsd".

       UPSCABLE -- <cable model>
       [ simple | 940-0020B | 940-0023A (broken) ]
       [ smart | 940-0024B | 940-0024C | 940-0024G ]
       [ 940-0095A | 940-0095C ]
       [ ether ]

       UPSTYPE -- <Type of APCC UPS>
       [ backups | sharebasic ] : Simple
       [ netups ] : Network Simple Signals
       [ backupspro | smartvsups ] : Sub(barely)Smart
       [ newbackupspro | backupspropnp ] : Sub(very)Smart
       [ smartups | matrixups | sharesmart ] : Smart

       [ backups | netups | backupspro | smartvsups ] and
       [ newbackupspro | smartups | matrixups ] are tested.
       [ sharebasic | sharesmart ] models are being tested.

       UPSCLASS -- <class of operation>
       [ standalone | shareslave | sharemaster ] and
       [ netslave | netmaster ] are valid types.
       [ standalone | netslave | netmaster ] are tested classes.
       [ shareslave | sharemaster ] classes are being tested.

       Default for all machines is "standalone". Change to "shareslave" if and only if you are using a ShareUPS and connected to a BASIC Port with
       Simple Signal. Change to "sharemaster", if and only if you are using a ShareUPS and connected to the ADVANCED Port  Smart  Signal  control.
       Change to "netslave" if and only if you are not connected to an UPS other than for power.  Change to "netmaster", if and only if you are on
       a TCP/UDP network and connected to an UPS of any kind with other Linux Boxes.

       UPSMODE -- [ disable | share | net | sharenet ] are valid types.

       [ disable | net ] are the only known and tested classes.
       [ share | sharenet ] classes is being tested.

       BETA [ share ] For two or seven (2/7) additional simple signal ports on a SmartAccessories(tm) (internal/external box) for SmartUPSes.

       DEVICE -- <name of serial port>
       Please specify which device is used for UPS communication.  The default is /dev/ttyS[0|1|2|3].

       LOCKFILE -- <path to lockfile>
       By supplying this argument, "apcupsd" tries to create a lockfile in the specified directory.

       ACCESS -- [ true | false ]
       This enables the use of "apcaccess" interface, on all machines, but for accessing or changing configurations of a running "apcupsd".

       ANNOY -- <time in seconds>
       Please specify time in seconds for "apcupsd" to harrass logged in users to get off the system.

       DELAY -- <time in seconds>
       Please specify time in seconds for "apcupsd" to delay harrassing logged in users to get off the system. This rate is reset if  there  is  a
       power state change. If "ANNOY == DELAY" then "DELAY" is disabled.

       NOLOGON -- <method of setting nologon file>
       [ disable | timeout | percent | minutes | always ] are valid types.
       Based  on  Ten  (10) percent of a setting.  This allows one to define the point when the /etc/nologin file is added.  This is important for
       allowing systems with BIG UPSes to run as normal until the SA determines the need for dumping users. The feature also allows the SA hold of
       the "ANNOY" factor until the /etc/nologin file is added.

       PROCFS -- <time in seconds>
       Please  specify	time  in  seconds  for "apcupsd" to update the psuedo proc fs file "/etc/apcupsd.status". This rate is reset if there is a
       power state change.

       This will be replaced with "apcaccess 'status'" calls. This will prevent fragmenting and disk access.

       LOGGING -- <time in seconds>
       Please specify time in seconds for "apcupsd" to update the log file "/var/log/apcupsd.log". This rate is reset if there is  a  power  state
       change.
       Future additions will allow one to select the location of the logfile.

       TIMEOUT -- <time in seconds>
       This is the timeout between power failure and system shutdown.  The timeout for master is always 30 seconds longer than slaves.

       BATTERYLEVEL -- <percent of battery>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       Instead of setting "TIMEOUT", apcupsd can react based on the remaining charge left in the batteries.

       MINUTES -- <battery runtime in minutes>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       Instead	of  setting  "TIMEOUT", apcupsd can react based on the internal calculations of runtime in minutes as related to power consumption
       being drawn on the UPS.

       SENSITIVITY -- <sets sensitiviy level>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       (H)igh, (M)edium, (L)ow

       WAKEUP -- <set wakeup delay>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       The power restart delay value in [0,60,180,300] Cycles.	This is important for those who have high RPM drives that need to spindown or they
       will fault out when booting. Some SCSI models are very sensitive to this problem. Cycles(*)

       SLEEP -- <set sleep delay>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       Delay in [20,180,300,600] Cycles before the actual killpower event.  Cycles(*)

       LOTRANSFER -- <sets lower limit of ups batt. transfer>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       This sets the low line voltage point to switch over.
       There  are four values that can be selected, but they vary based on the UPS model, classification, and manufacture date. Thus a value rang-
       ing from 0-3 are assigned the learned and bubble sorted values.

       HITRANSFER -- <sets upper limit of ups batt. transfer>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       This sets the high line voltage point to switch over.
       There are four values that can be selected, but they vary based on the UPS model, classification, and manufacture date. Thus a value  rang-
       ing from 0-3 are assigned the learned and bubble sorted values.

       RETURNCHARGE -- <sets min. batt. charge level>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       There  are four values that can be selected, but they vary based on the UPS model, classification, and manufacture date. Thus a value rang-
       ing from 0-3 are assigned the learned and bubble sorted values.

       BEEPSTATE -- <sets alarm beep state>
       Valid for UPSes capable of Internal EPROM programming.
       This allows the setting of the noise maker that many have removed because of the annoyance factor.  These settings are  based  on  discrete
       events related to the remaining capacity of the UPS.
       0 always
       T low batt + 30
       L low batt
       N never

       UPSNAME -- <string>
       Only  valid  for  UPSes	capable  of Internal EPROM programming.  This is normally an eight character string, but it currently only handles
       seven.

       XXXXCMD's
       All of the following commands are used to execute external scripts of programs that "apcupsd"  does  not  handle  internally.  Specifically
       something like calling a pager or sending email to a System or Network Admin.
       [ BATTCMD | TIMECMD | LOADCMD | LIMITCMD ]
       [ PWRCMD | RETCMD | REMOTECMD ]
       are the seven external commands that can access and report events.

       BATTCMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when the battery fails.

       TIMECMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when "TIMEOUT" has expired.

       LOADCMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when the "BATTERYLEVEL" has dropped below the set limits.

       LIMITCMD
       Name of the program to run when the "MINUTES" runtime has dropped below the set limits.

       PWRCMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when the power fails.

       RETCMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when the power returns.

       REMOTECMD -- <path|filename>
       Name of the program to run when a remote shutdown is called.

       NETTIME -- <time in seconds>
       The  rate in seconds that broadcasts information to Slave machines.  This rate is reset if there is a power state change. This value is now
       passed to the slaves to sync. the openning of a socket by the slave for the master.

       NETPORT -- <TCP|UDP port number>
       This unix service port number must be set in the /etc/services file as follows:
	       tab     tab(spacejunk)  tab     tab
       name		       (stuff)/xxp	       #
       apcupsd	       NETPORT/tcp	       #
       apcupsd	       NETPORT/udp	       #

       MASTER -- <name of master> for Slave machine.
       The name of the master which is authorized to send commands to this slave.

       SLAVE -- <name of slave(s)> for Master machine.
       The name of the slave machine attached to the master.  There can be max. 20 slaves attached to one master.

       USERMAGIC -- < user defined magic> for Slave machine.
       The second level of magic security. It must be (17) characters long without spaces. This is passed to the master machine during initializa-
       tion of sockets. This string should be different for each and every slave on the network.

SMARTUPS

       If you start getting the follow message:
       Emergency, Batteries Have Failed!!!!
       Change Them NOW!!!
       Act upon it quickly. It means what it says.
       Also,  not all "SmartUPS" models are eqaully smart. A non-NET or old class of "SmartUPS" has a subset of the full UPSlink(TM) language, and
       can not be polled for its control codes.

       TIMEOUT, BATTERYLEVEL, and MINUTES can be set togather without problems. The daemon will react to the first case or test that is valid.

SHAREUPS

       Special note for ShareUPS users, TIMEOUT, BATTERYLEVEL, and MINUTES are disabled or set to default values. Currently, there is not a  known
       way of early signals to be sent to BASIC Ports. MINUTES are set to 0.

CABLES

       Firstly,  you  will  need  the  cable  between  APC  Smart UPS and PC computer running Linux. You can use either the special cable which is
       enclosed with the PowerChute (TM) software or you can make your own cable connected as follows:

	       SMART-CUSTOM
	       PC (9 pin)      APC (9 pin)
	       2 RxD	       2
	       3 TxD	       1
	       5 GND	       9

	       SIMPLE-CUSTOM
	DB9/25F PC Side 	       DB9M UPS Side
	 4/20	DTR (5vcc)		    nc	  (*)
	  8/5	CTS (low-batt)		     5	  (*)
	  2/3	RxD (other line-fail)	     3	  (*)
	  5/7	Ground (Signal) 	     4
	  1/8	CD (line-fail from ups)      2
	  7/4	RTS (shutdown ups)	     1
	 nc/1	Frame/Case Gnd (optional)    9

       List if componets one needs to make this CABLE:
       1) One (1) DB9 use solder type connector only.
       2) One (1) DB9/25F use solder type connector only.
       3) two (2) 4.7K ohm 1/4 watt %5 resistors.
       4) one (1) foot of 3/32" (inch) shrink wrap/boot.
       5) rosin core solder.
       6) three (3) to five (5) feet of 22AWG multi-stranded five
	  (5) conductor cable.

       First solder both of the resistors into pin# (4) DB9 or (20) DB25 the DTR.  This will be used as the Vcc pull-up voltage  for  testing  the
       outputs	on  any "UPS by APC" ONLY in Simple Signal mode. This may not work on a BackUPS Pro if the default communications are Smart Signal
       mode. This cable is valid for "ShareUPS" BASIC Port mode if there are no other cables that can be gotten.

       Next bend each of the resistors so that one connects to (8) DB9 or (5) DB25 the CTS (aka battery low signal) and the other to  (2)  DB9	or
       (3) DB25 the RxD (aka another line fail signal). This line is not currently used, but it will be in the near future.

       (*) 8/5 is also wire to pin# 5 on UPS cable side.
       (*) 2/3 is also wire to pin# 3 on UPS cable side.
       (*) we use the DTR as our +5 volts power for the circuit.

       If you have one of the following cables supplied by APCC, apcupsd will support off the shelf cables.
       940-0020B     Simple Signal Only, all models.
       940-0024[B/C/G]	SmartMode Only, SU, BPPro and BKPro only.
       940-0095[A/C]  PnP (Plug and Play), all models.
       940-0023A     Simple Signal UNIX, [BROKEN STILL].

FILES

       /etc/apcupsd.conf - configuration file.
       /etc/apcupsd.status - psuedo procfs-type file.
       /var/log/apcupsd.log - the UPS status is logged.

FILE FORMAT

       Both  "apcupsd.log" and "apcupsd.status" are simple ascii files with several floating point numbers on one line. The format varies based on
       the type of UPS that you are using.

       /etc/apcupsd.status
       APC	: time and date of last update
       CABLE	: cable type used
       UPSMODEL : ups type or signal method
       UPSMODE	: tells apcupsd what to check
       SHARE	: if ShareUPS is used, this determines what

       SmartUPS and MatrixUPS Smart Signals
       ULINE	: Current (observed) Input Line Voltage
       MLINE	: Max (observed) Input Line Voltage
       NLINE	: Min (observed) Input Line Voltage
       FLINE	: Line Freq (cycles)
       VOUTP	: UPS Output Voltage
       LOUTP	: Percent Load of UPS Capacity
       BOUTP	: Current Charge Voltage of Batteries
       BCHAR	: Batteries Current Charge Percent of Capacity
       BFAIL	: UNSIGNED INT CODE (ups state)
       UTEMP	: Current UPS Temp. in Degrees Cel.
       DIPSW	: Current DIP switch settings for UPS.

       Newer BackUPS Pro Smart Signals
       ULINE	: Current (observed) Input Line Voltage
       MLINE	: Max (observed) Input Line Voltage
       NLINE	: Min (observed) Input Line Voltage
       FLINE	: Line Freq (cycles)
       VOUTP	: UPS Output Voltage
       LOUTP	: Percent Load of UPS Capacity
       BOUTP	: Current Charge Voltage of Batteries
       BCHAR	: Batteries Current Charge Percent of Capacity
       BFAIL	: UNSIGNED INT CODE (ups state)

       BackUPS Pro and SmartUPS v/s Smart Signals
       LINEFAIL : OnlineStatus
       BATTSTAT : BatteryStatus
       MAINS	: LineVoltageState
       LASTEVNT : LastEventObserved

       BackUPS and NetUPS Simple Signals
       LINEFAIL : OnlineStatus
       BATTSTAT : BatteryStatus

       /var/log/apcupsd.log
       SmartUPS and MatrixUPS Smart Signals
       LineVoltage LineMax LineMin LineFreq OutputVoltage UPSLoad BattVoltage BatteryLoad UPSLoad UPSTemp

       Newer BackUPS Pro Smart Signals
       LineVoltage LineMax LineMin LineFreq OutputVoltage UPSLoad BattVoltage BatteryLoad UPSLoad

       BackUPS Pro and SmartUPS v/s Smart Signals
       OnlineStatus BatteryStatus LineVoltageState LastEventObserved

       BackUPS and NetUPS Simple Signals
       OnlineStatus BatteryStatus

AUTHOR

       Andre M. Hedrick <hedrick@astro.dyer.vanderbilt.edu>

   Retired Co-AUTHOR
       Christopher J. Reimer <reimer@doe.carleton.ca>

   The Brave Unnamed PATCH-WORKS and TESTERS
       "Daniel Quinlan" <quinlan@pathname.com>
       "Tom Kunicki" <kunicki@surgery.wisc.edu>
       "Karsten Wiborg" <4wiborg@informatik.uni-hamburg.de>
       "Jean-Michel Rouet" <JM.ROUET@maisel-gw.enst-bretagne.fr>
       "Chris Adams" <cadams@ro.com>
       "Jason Orendorf" <orendorf@sprintmail.com>
       "Neil McAllister" <pcm2@sentient.com>
       "Werner Panocha" <WPanocha@t-online.de>
       "Lee Maisel" <martian@rt66.com>
       "Brian Schau" <bsc@fleggaard.dk>

   The Information HELPERS and TESTERS.
       "Eric S. Raymond" <esr@snark.thyrsus.com>
       "Chris Hanson" <cph@martigny.ai.mit.edu>
       "Pavel Alex" <pavel@petrolbank.mldnet.com>
       "Theo Van Dinter" <felicity@kluge.net>
       "Thomas Porter" <txporter@mindspring.com>
       "Alan Davis" <davis@ele.uri.edu>
       "Oliver Hvrmann" <ollo@compuserve.com>
       "Scott Horton" <Scott.Horton1@bridge.bellsouth.com>
       "Matt Hyne" <mhyne@tip.CSIRO.AU>
       "Chen Shiyuan" <csy@hjc.edu.sg>

   OTHER CREDITS
       "Miquel van Smoorenburg" <miquels@drinkel.cistron.nl>
       "The Doctor What" <docwhat@itek.net>
       "Pavel Korensky" <pavelk@dator3.anet.cz>

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

       Any other name will cause an error when loading the "/etc/apcupsd.conf" file. There are some known problems and limitations. There can be a
       problem	with  the  newest types of APC Smart UPS add-ons. Any and All Network Modes is not supported, yet. No bugs in standard stuff. I am
       sure, well pretty sure. Possible bugs in all ShareUPS mode types.  If anyone has had success  at  all  with  any  ShareUPS  models,  please
       report.

EtherUPS/NetUPS
       This is fully functional as of version 3.4.0.

						     APCC UPS management under Linux and UNIX						apcupsd(8)