02-10-2004
lp - order of files printed
I have a shell script that is looping through a list of Postscript files to print.
ls -1tr *.PS > print.lst
...
PRINT_LIST=`cat print.lst`
...
for DMFILE in $PRINT_LIST
do
lp -d $PRINTER_NAME -o legal $DMFILE
...
done
The files in print.lst are in the order that they should be printed, however the order in which the files are printed appears to be completely random.
Here is a sample of print.lst, sequenced in the order to print
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209137.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209138.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209139.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209140.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209141.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209142.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209143.PS
/prtspool/racprint/debitmemos/MNSF021.M0209144.PS
Here is the output from lpq:
active racuser 619 MNSF021.M0209137.PS 20200778 bytes
1st racuser 627 MNSF021.M0209145.PS 16781507 bytes
2nd racuser 621 MNSF021.M0209139.PS 20925819 bytes
3rd racuser 625 MNSF021.M0209143.PS 17315067 bytes
4th racuser 607 MNSF021.M0209125.PS 20202748 bytes
5th racuser 633 MNSF021.M0209151.PS 16825285 bytes
6th racuser 628 MNSF021.M0209146.PS 17372512 bytes
7th racuser 629 MNSF021.M0209147.PS 17078571 bytes
8th racuser 606 MNSF021.M0209124.PS 20928279 bytes
9th racuser 610 MNSF021.M0209128.PS 20928424 bytes
Why are the files printing in this seemingly random order? Is there a way that I can force the files to print in the order submitted?
Thanks, MB
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bytes(3pm) Perl Programmers Reference Guide bytes(3pm)
NAME
bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics
NOTICE
This pragma reflects early attempts to incorporate Unicode into perl and has since been superseded. It breaks encapsulation (i.e. it
exposes the innards of how the perl executable currently happens to store a string), and use of this module for anything other than
debugging purposes is strongly discouraged. If you feel that the functions here within might be useful for your application, this possibly
indicates a mismatch between your mental model of Perl Unicode and the current reality. In that case, you may wish to read some of the perl
Unicode documentation: perluniintro, perlunitut, perlunifaq and perlunicode.
SYNOPSIS
use bytes;
... chr(...); # or bytes::chr
... index(...); # or bytes::index
... length(...); # or bytes::length
... ord(...); # or bytes::ord
... rindex(...); # or bytes::rindex
... substr(...); # or bytes::substr
no bytes;
DESCRIPTION
The "use bytes" pragma disables character semantics for the rest of the lexical scope in which it appears. "no bytes" can be used to
reverse the effect of "use bytes" within the current lexical scope.
Perl normally assumes character semantics in the presence of character data (i.e. data that has come from a source that has been marked as
being of a particular character encoding). When "use bytes" is in effect, the encoding is temporarily ignored, and each string is treated
as a series of bytes.
As an example, when Perl sees "$x = chr(400)", it encodes the character in UTF-8 and stores it in $x. Then it is marked as character data,
so, for instance, "length $x" returns 1. However, in the scope of the "bytes" pragma, $x is treated as a series of bytes - the bytes that
make up the UTF8 encoding - and "length $x" returns 2:
$x = chr(400);
print "Length is ", length $x, "
"; # "Length is 1"
printf "Contents are %vd
", $x; # "Contents are 400"
{
use bytes; # or "require bytes; bytes::length()"
print "Length is ", length $x, "
"; # "Length is 2"
printf "Contents are %vd
", $x; # "Contents are 198.144"
}
chr(), ord(), substr(), index() and rindex() behave similarly.
For more on the implications and differences between character semantics and byte semantics, see perluniintro and perlunicode.
LIMITATIONS
bytes::substr() does not work as an lvalue().
SEE ALSO
perluniintro, perlunicode, utf8
perl v5.12.1 2010-04-26 bytes(3pm)