OPENSSL(1)							      OpenSSL								OPENSSL(1)

NAME

       openssl - OpenSSL command line tool

SYNOPSIS

       openssl command [ command_opts ] [ command_args ]

       openssl [ list-standard-commands | list-message-digest-commands | list-cipher-commands ]

       openssl no-XXX [ arbitrary options ]

DESCRIPTION

       OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols
       and related cryptography standards required by them.

       The openssl program is a command line tool for using the various cryptography functions of OpenSSL's crypto library from the shell.  It can
       be used for

	o  Creation of RSA, DH and DSA key parameters
	o  Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs
	o  Calculation of Message Digests
	o  Encryption and Decryption with Ciphers
	o  SSL/TLS Client and Server Tests
	o  Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail

COMMAND SUMMARY

       The openssl program provides a rich variety of commands (command in the SYNOPSIS above), each of which often has a wealth of options and
       arguments (command_opts and command_args in the SYNOPSIS).

       The pseudo-commands list-standard-commands, list-message-digest-commands, and list-cipher-commands output a list (one entry per line) of
       the names of all standard commands, message digest commands, or cipher commands, respectively, that are available in the present openssl
       utility.

       The pseudo-command no-XXX tests whether a command of the specified name is available.  If no command named XXX exists, it returns 0
       (success) and prints no-XXX; otherwise it returns 1 and prints XXX.  In both cases, the output goes to stdout and nothing is printed to
       stderr.	Additional command line arguments are always ignored.  Since for each cipher there is a command of the same name, this provides an
       easy way for shell scripts to test for the availability of ciphers in the openssl program.  (no-XXX is not able to detect pseudo-commands
       such as quit, list-...-commands, or no-XXX itself.)

   STANDARD COMMANDS
       asn1parse Parse an ASN.1 sequence.

       ca	 Certificate Authority (CA) Management.

       ciphers	 Cipher Suite Description Determination.

       crl	 Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Management.

       crl2pkcs7 CRL to PKCS#7 Conversion.

       dgst	 Message Digest Calculation.

       dh	 Diffie-Hellman Parameter Management.  Obsoleted by dhparam.

       dsa	 DSA Data Management.

       dsaparam  DSA Parameter Generation.

       enc	 Encoding with Ciphers.

       errstr	 Error Number to Error String Conversion.

       dhparam	 Generation and Management of Diffie-Hellman Parameters.

       gendh	 Generation of Diffie-Hellman Parameters.  Obsoleted by dhparam.

       gendsa	 Generation of DSA Parameters.

       genrsa	 Generation of RSA Parameters.

       ocsp	 Online Certificate Status Protocol utility.

       passwd	 Generation of hashed passwords.

       pkcs12	 PKCS#12 Data Management.

       pkcs7	 PKCS#7 Data Management.

       rand	 Generate pseudo-random bytes.

       req	 X.509 Certificate Signing Request (CSR) Management.

       rsa	 RSA Data Management.

       rsautl	 RSA utility for signing, verification, encryption, and decryption.

       s_client  This implements a generic SSL/TLS client which can establish a transparent connection to a remote server speaking SSL/TLS. It's
		 intended for testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all
		 functionality of the OpenSSL ssl library.

       s_server  This implements a generic SSL/TLS server which accepts connections from remote clients speaking SSL/TLS. It's intended for
		 testing purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all functionality of the
		 OpenSSL ssl library.  It provides both an own command line oriented protocol for testing SSL functions and a simple HTTP response
		 facility to emulate an SSL/TLS-aware webserver.

       s_time	 SSL Connection Timer.

       sess_id	 SSL Session Data Management.

       smime	 S/MIME mail processing.

       speed	 Algorithm Speed Measurement.

       verify	 X.509 Certificate Verification.

       version	 OpenSSL Version Information.

       x509	 X.509 Certificate Data Management.

   MESSAGE DIGEST COMMANDS
       md2	 MD2 Digest

       md5	 MD5 Digest

       mdc2	 MDC2 Digest

       rmd160	 RMD-160 Digest

       sha	 SHA Digest

       sha1	 SHA-1 Digest

       sha224	 SHA-224 Digest

       sha256	 SHA-256 Digest

       sha384	 SHA-384 Digest

       sha512	 SHA-512 Digest

   ENCODING AND CIPHER COMMANDS
       base64	 Base64 Encoding

       bf bf-cbc bf-cfb bf-ecb bf-ofb
		 Blowfish Cipher

       cast cast-cbc
		 CAST Cipher

       cast5-cbc cast5-cfb cast5-ecb cast5-ofb
		 CAST5 Cipher

       des des-cbc des-cfb des-ecb des-ede des-ede-cbc des-ede-cfb des-ede-ofb des-ofb
		 DES Cipher

       des3 desx des-ede3 des-ede3-cbc des-ede3-cfb des-ede3-ofb
		 Triple-DES Cipher

       idea idea-cbc idea-cfb idea-ecb idea-ofb
		 IDEA Cipher

       rc2 rc2-cbc rc2-cfb rc2-ecb rc2-ofb
		 RC2 Cipher

       rc4	 RC4 Cipher

       rc5 rc5-cbc rc5-cfb rc5-ecb rc5-ofb
		 RC5 Cipher

PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS

       Several commands accept password arguments, typically using -passin and -passout for input and output passwords respectively. These allow
       the password to be obtained from a variety of sources. Both of these options take a single argument whose format is described below. If no
       password argument is given and a password is required then the user is prompted to enter one: this will typically be read from the current
       terminal with echoing turned off.

       pass:password
		 the actual password is password. Since the password is visible to utilities (like 'ps' under Unix) this form should only be used
		 where security is not important.

       env:var	 obtain the password from the environment variable var. Since the environment of other processes is visible on certain platforms
		 (e.g. ps under certain Unix OSes) this option should be used with caution.

       file:pathname
		 the first line of pathname is the password. If the same pathname argument is supplied to -passin and -passout arguments then the
		 first line will be used for the input password and the next line for the output password. pathname need not refer to a regular
		 file: it could for example refer to a device or named pipe.

       fd:number read the password from the file descriptor number. This can be used to send the data via a pipe for example.

       stdin	 read the password from standard input.

SEE ALSO

       asn1parse(1), ca(1), config(5), crl(1), crl2pkcs7(1), dgst(1), dhparam(1), dsa(1), dsaparam(1), enc(1), gendsa(1), genrsa(1), nseq(1),
       openssl(1), passwd(1), pkcs12(1), pkcs7(1), pkcs8(1), rand(1), req(1), rsa(1), rsautl(1), s_client(1), s_server(1), s_time(1), smime(1),
       spkac(1), verify(1), version(1), x509(1), crypto(3), ssl(3)

HISTORY

       The openssl(1) document appeared in OpenSSL 0.9.2.  The list-XXX-commands pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.3; the no-XXX pseudo-
       commands were added in OpenSSL 0.9.5a.  For notes on the availability of other commands, see their individual manual pages.

50								    2013-03-05								OPENSSL(1)