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Full Discussion: output to terminal
Top Forums Programming output to terminal Post 41818 by Perderabo on Wednesday 15th of October 2003 12:55:09 PM
Old 10-15-2003
When truss is displaying a string, it will display the character if it is printable and it puts a space between the letters. If the character is not printable is outputs in hex and in this case it will need two positions, so you lose the space.

1B is an escape character. You can see it (maybe) with "man ascii". Octal is a little more common in the unix world. You can convert hex to octal via bc. Quick example:
echo "obase=8;ibase=16;1B" | bc

Those are usually called escape sequences. Once you know that an escape is 33 in octal, you can model this in ksh:
Code:
#! /usr/bin/ksh
print -n '\033[s\033[1;38H\033[31;1mYou still have 5 min\033[u
sleep 5
exit 0

The sleep will delay the printing of your prompt long enough to see what happened. The first and last escape sequences are mysteries to me. The second moves the cursor. The third is an sgr (select graphic rendition) The 1 goes to bold mode. I have no idea what the 31 is supposed to do. It is a nop with my xterm. And this leaves my terminal in bold mode. I had to do a "tput sgr0" to fix it.

But if I was using hpterm instead of xterm, this would not work at all. That is the problem with this sort of thing, you must guess at the user's terminal.

Last edited by Yogesh Sawant; 05-26-2010 at 03:08 AM.. Reason: added code tags
 

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echo(1B)					     SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package Commands						  echo(1B)

NAME
echo - echo arguments to standard output SYNOPSIS
/usr/ucb/echo [-n] [argument] DESCRIPTION
echo writes its arguments, separated by BLANKs and terminated by a NEWLINE, to the standard output. echo is useful for producing diagnostics in command files and for sending known data into a pipe, and for displaying the contents of envi- ronment variables. For example, you can use echo to determine how many subdirectories below the root directory (/) is your current directory, as follows: o echo your current-working-directory's full pathname o pipe the output through tr to translate the path's embedded slash-characters into space-characters o pipe that output through wc -w for a count of the names in your path. example% /usr/bin/echo "echo $PWD | tr '/' ' ' | wc -w" See tr(1) and wc(1) for their functionality. The shells csh(1), ksh(1), and sh(1), each have an echo built-in command, which, by default, will have precedence, and will be invoked if the user calls echo without a full pathname. /usr/ucb/echo and csh's echo() have an -n option, but do not understand back-slashed escape characters. sh's echo(), ksh's echo(), and /usr/bin/echo, on the other hand, understand the black-slashed escape characters, and ksh's echo() also understands a as the audible bell character; however, these commands do not have an -n option. OPTIONS
-n Do not add the NEWLINE to the output. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWscpu | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
csh(1), echo(1), ksh(1), sh(1), tr(1), wc(1), attributes(5) NOTES
The -n option is a transition aid for BSD applications, and may not be supported in future releases. SunOS 5.10 3 Aug 1994 echo(1B)
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