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Full Discussion: Big and Little Endian
Top Forums Programming Big and Little Endian Post 31685 by S.P.Prasad on Tuesday 12th of November 2002 03:48:14 AM
Old 11-12-2002
Big and Little Endian

We are developing an application using TLI for network communication.The Server Code is developed in Sun and client in SCO unix. When we route data from Client to Server we encrypt the data using DES algotithm utility.The problem we are facing that Sun uses Big Endian methodology to store data in memory while SCO uses Little Endian and so does Windows NT. Cause of this,the data received from the Client generates garbage when decrypted in the Server in Sun using DES algorithm.I would like to receive answers for two questions.
1)By using TLI for communications does it anyway hamper data in network communications with respect to Operating System using Big Endian when data is transfered from an Operating System which uses Little Endian and vice versa.How do we overcome this.

2)What type of algorithm should be followed such that we can be independent of Client/Sever been developed on any flavour of Unix OS overriding the Big/Little Endian methodology for data representation.

Any help is always welcome.
 

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tiffcp(1)							   User Commands							 tiffcp(1)

NAME
tiffcp - copy, and possibly convert, a TIFF file SYNOPSIS
tiffcp [options] src1.tif... srcN.tif dest.tif DESCRIPTION
tiffcp combines one or more files created according to the Tag Image File Format, Revision 6.0 into a single TIFF file. The output file might be compressed using a different algorithm than the input files. Therefore. tiffcp is most often used to convert between different compression schemes. By default, tiffcp copies all of the understood tags in a TIFF directory of an input file, to the associated directory in the output file. tiffcp can be used to reorganize the storage characteristics of data in a file, but is explicitly intended to not alter or convert the image data content in any way. OPTIONS
The following options are supported: -B Force output to be written with Big-Endian byte order. This option only has an effect when the output file is created or overwritten. This option has no effect when you append to the output file. -C Suppress the use of "strip chopping" when reading images that have a single strip or tile of uncompressed data. -c Specify a compression scheme to use when writing image data: -c g3 CCITT Group 3 compression algorithm. -c g4 CCITT Group 4 compression algorithm. -c jpeg Baseline JPEG compression algorithm. -c lzw Lempel-Ziv and Welch algorithm. -c none No compression. -c packbits PackBits compression algorithm. -c zip Deflate compression algorithm. By default, tiffcp compresses data according to the value of the Compression tag found in the source file. -f Specify the bit fill order to use to write output data. By default, tiffcp creates a new file with the same fill order as the original. Specify -f lsb2msb to force data to be written with the FillOrder tag set to LSB2MSB. Specify -f msb2lsb to force data to be written with the FillOrder tag set to MSB2LSB. -l Specify the length of a tile in pixels. tiffcp attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile. -L Force output to be written with Little-Endian byte order. This option only has an effect when the output file is created or overwritten. This option has no effect when you append to the output file. -M Suppress the use of memory-mapped files when reading images. -p Explicitly select the planar configuration used to write image data that has one 8-bit sample per pixel. By default, tiffcp creates a new file with the same planar configuration as the original. -p contig Samples are packed contiguously. -p separate Samples are stored separately. -r Write data with a specified number of rows per strip. By default, the number of rows per strip is selected so that each strip is approximately 8 kilobytes. -s Force the output file to be written with data organized in strips instead of tiles. -t Force the output file to be written with data organized in tiles instead of strips. -w Specify the width of a tile in pixels. tiffcp attempts to set the tile dimensions so that no more than 8 kilobytes of data appear in a tile. OPERANDS
The following operands are supported: src.tif The name of the source file. dest.tif The name of the destination file. EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
The CCITT Group 3 and Group 4 compression algorithms can only be used with bilevel data. Group 3 compression can be specified together with several T.4-specific options: 1d 1-dimensional encoding 2d 2-dimensional encoding fill Force each encoded scanline to be zero-filled so that the terminating EOL code lies on a byte boundary. Group 3-specific options are specified by appending a colon-separated list to the g3 option. For example, specify -c g3:2d:fill to get 2D- encoded data with byte-aligned EOL codes. LZW compression can be specified together with a predictor value. A predictor value of 2 causes each scanline of the output image to undergo horizontal differencing before being encoded. A predictor value of 1 forces each scanline to be encoded without differencing. LZW-specific options are specified by appending a colon-separated list to the lzw option. For example, specify -c lzw:2 for LZW compression with horizontal differencing. EXAMPLES
Example 1: Concatenating Two Files and Writing the Result Using LZW Encoding example% tiffcp -c lzw a.tif b.tif result.tif Example 2: Converting a G3 1d-Encoded TIFF to a Single Strip of G4-Encoded Data example% tiffcp -c g4 -r 10000 g3.tif g4.tif In this example, 1000 is a number that is larger than the number of rows in the source file. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWTiff | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Interface stability |External | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
pal2rgb(1), tiffinfo(1), tiffcmp(1), tiffmedian(1), tiffsplit(1), libtiff(3) NOTES
Updated by Breda McColgan, Sun Microsystems Inc., 2004. SunOS 5.10 26 Mar 2004 tiffcp(1)
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