orbd(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   orbd(1)

NAME

       orbd - The Object Request Broker Daemon

       orbd is used to enable clients to transparently locate and invoke persistent objects on servers in the CORBA environment.

SYNOPSIS

       orbd [ options ]

DESCRIPTION

       The Server Manager included with the orbd tool is used to enable clients to transparently locate and invoke persistent objects on server in
       the CORBA environment.  The persistent servers, while publishing the persistent object references in the Naming Service, include  the  port
       number of the ORBD in the object reference instead of the port number of the Server. The inclusion of ORBD port number in the object refer-
       ence for persistent object references has the following advantages:

       o The object reference in the Naming Service remains
	 independent of the server life cycle. For example, the object reference could be published by the server in the Naming Service when it is
	 first installed, and then independent of how many times the server is started or shutdown, the ORBD will always return the correct object
	 reference to the invoking client.

       o The client needs to lookup the object reference in
	 the Naming Service only once, and can keep re-using this reference independent of the chanes introduced due to server life cycle.

       To access ORBD's Server Manager, the server must be started using servertool, which is a command-line interface for application programmers
       to  register,  unregister,  startup,  and shutdown a persistent server. For more information on the Server Manager, see the section in this
       document titled Server Manager.

REQUIRED OPTIONS

       -ORBInitialPort nameserverport
	      Specifies the port on which the name server should be started. Once started, orbd will listen for incoming requests  on  this  port.
	      Note  that  when using Solaris software, you must become root to start a process on a port under 1024. For this reason, we recommend
	      that you use a port number greater than or equal to 1024. (required)

OTHER OPTIONS

       -port port
	      Specifies the activation port where the ORBD should be started. The default value for this port is 1049. This port number  is  added
	      to the port field of the persistent Interoperable Object References (IOR). (optional)

       -defaultdb directory
	      Specifies the base where the ORBD persistent storage directory orb.db is created. If this option is not specified, the default value
	      is "./orb.db".  (optional)

       -serverPollingTime milliseconds
	      Specifies how often the daemon thread checks for the health of registered servers. ORBD polls  process  health  every  milliseconds.
	      The default value is 1,000 ms (or 1 second). The value specified for milliseconds must be a valid integer.

       -serverStartupDelay milliseconds
	      Specifies how long the ServerManager waits before sending a location forward exception after the server is restarted. ORBD waits for
	      milliseconds before raising a location forward exception. The default value is 1,000 ms (or 1 second). The value specified for  mil-
	      liseconds must be a valid integer.

       -Joption
	      Pass  option  to	the  Java  virtual  machine, where option is one of the options described on the man page for the java application
	      launcher, java(1). For example, -J-Xms48m sets the startup memory to 48 megabytes. It is a common convention for -J to pass  options
	      to the underlying virtual machine.

Starting and Stopping the Name Service
       A Naming Service is a CORBA service that allows CORBA objects to be named by means of binding a name to an object reference. The name bind-
       ing may be stored in the naming service, and a client may supply the name to obtain the desired object reference.

       Prior to running a client or a server, you will start ORBD. ORBD includes a persistent Naming Service and a transient Naming Service,  both
       of which are an implementation of the COS Naming Service.

       o The Persistent Naming Service provides persistence
	 for  naming  contexts.  This  means  that this information is persistent across service shutdowns and startups, and is recoverable in the
	 event of a service failure. If ORBD is restarted, the Persistent Naming Service will restore the naming context graph, so that the  bind-
	 ing of all clients' and servers' names remains intact (persistent).

       o For backward compatibility, tnameserv, a
	 Transient  Naming  Service  shipped  with older versions of the JDK, is also included in this release of J2SE. A transient naming service
	 retains naming contexts as long as it is running. If there is a service interruption, the naming context graph is lost.

       The -ORBInitialPort argument is a required command-line argument for orbd, and is used to set the port number on which the  Naming  Service
       will  run.  The following instructions assume you can use port 1050 for the Java IDL Object Request Broker Daemon. When using Solaris soft-
       ware, you must become root to start a process on a port under 1024. For this reason, we recommend that you use a port number  greater  than
       or equal to 1024. You can substitute a different port if necessary.

       TO start orbd from a UNIX command shell, enterL

	    orbd -ORBInitialPort 1050&

       From an MS-DOS system prompt (Windows), enter:

	    start orbd -ORBInitialPort 1050

       Now  that  ORBD	is running, you can run your server and client applications. When running the client and server applications, they must be
       made aware of the port number (and machine name, if applicable) where the Naming Service is running. One way to do this is to add the  fol-
       lowing code to your application:

	    Properties props = new Properties();
	    props.put("org.omg.CORBA.ORBInitialPort", "1050");
	    props.put("org.omg.CORBA.ORBInitialHost", "MyHost");
	    ORB orb = ORB.init(args, props);

       In this example, the Naming Service is running on port 1050 on host "MyHost". Another way is to specify the port number and/or machine name
       when running the server or client application from the command line. For example, you would start your "HelloApplication" with the  follow-
       ing command line:

	    java HelloApplication -ORBInitialPort 1050 -ORBInitialHost MyHost

       To  stop the naming service, use the relevant operating system command, such as pkill orbd on Solaris, or Ctrl+C in the DOS window in which
       orbd is running. Note that names registered with the naming service may disappear when the service is terminated if the naming  service	is
       transient. The Java IDL naming service will run until it is explicitly stopped.

       For more information on the Naming Service included with ORBD, see Naming Service.

Server Manager
       To access ORBD's Server Manager and run a persistent server, the server must be started using servertool, which is a command-line interface
       for application programmers to register, unregister, startup, and shutdown a persistent server. When a server is started using  servertool,
       it  must  be started on the same host and port on which orbd is executing. If the server is run on a different port, the information stored
       in the database for local contexts will be invalid and the service will not work properly.

   Server Manager: an Example
       Using the sample tutorial for our demonstration, you would run the idlj compiler and javac compiler as shown in the tutorial.  To  run  the
       Server Manager, follow these steps for running the application:

       1. Start orbd.
	      To start orbd from a UNIX command shell, enter:

	    orbd -ORBInitialPort 1050

       From an MS-DOS system prompt (Windows), enter:

	    start orbd -ORBInitialPort 1050

       Note  that  1050  is  the  port	on  which you want the name server to run. -ORBInitialPort is a required command-line argument. When using
       Solaris software, you must become root to start a process on a port under 1024. For this reason, we recommend that you use  a  port  number
       greater than or equal to 1024.

       2. Start the servertool:
	      To start the Hello server, enter:

	    servertool -ORBInitialPort 1050

       Make  sure  the	name  server  (orbd)  port  is the same as in the previous step, for example, -ORBInitialPort 1050. The servertool must be
       started on the same port as the name server.

       3. Start the Hello server from the servertool prompt:

	    servertool	> register -server HelloServer -classpath .
			   -applicationName HelloServerApName

       The servertool registers the server, assigns it the name of "HelloServerApName", and displays its server id.

       4. Run the client application from another terminal window or prompt:

	    java HelloClient -ORBInitialPort 1050 -ORBInitialHost localhost

       For this example, you can omit -ORBInitialHost localhost since the name server is running on the same host as the Hello client. If the name
       server is running on a different host, use -ORBInitialHost nameserverhost to specify the host on which the IDL name server is running.

       Specify the name server (orbd) port as done in the previous step, for example, -ORBInitialPort 1050.

       5. When you have finished experimenting with the Server Manager, be sure to shut down or kill the name server (orbd) and servertool.

       To shut down orbd from a DOS prompt, select the window that is running the server and enter Ctrl+C to shut it down. To shut down orbdfrom a
       Unix shell, find the process, and kill it. The server will continue to wait for invocations until it is explicitly stopped.

       To shut down the servertool, type quit and press the Enter key on the keyboard.

SEE ALSO

       Naming Service, servertool

								   10 March 2001							   orbd(1)