lsMode(3pm)						User Contributed Perl Documentation					       lsMode(3pm)

NAME

       Stat::lsMode - format file modes like the "ls -l" command does

SYNOPSIS

	 use Stat::lsMode;

	 $mode = (stat $file)[2];
	 $permissions = format_mode($mode);
	 # $permissions is now something like  `drwxr-xr-x'

	 $permissions = file_mode($file);   # Same as above

	 $permissions = format_perms(0644); # Produces just 'rw-r--r--'

	 $permissions = format_perms(644);  # This generates a warning message:
	 # mode 644 is very surprising.  Perhaps you meant 0644...

	 Stat::lsMode->novice(0);	    # Disable warning messages

DESCRIPTION

       "Stat::lsMode" generates mode and permission strings that look like the ones generated by the Unix "ls -l" command.  For example, a regular
       file that is readable by everyone and writable only by its owner has the mode string "-rw-r--r--".  "Stat::lsMode" will either examine the
       file and produce the right mode string for you, or you can pass it the mode that you get back from Perl's "stat" call.

   "format_mode"
       Given a mode number (such as the third element of the list returned by "stat"), return the appopriate ten-character mode string as it would
       have been generated by "ls -l".	For example, consider a directory that is readable and searchable by everyone, and also writable by its
       owner.  Such a directory will have mode 040755.	When passed this value, "format_mode" will return the string "drwxr-xr-x".

       If "format_mode" is passed a permission number like 0755, it will return a nine-character string insted, with no leading character to say
       what the file type is.  For example, "format_mode(0755)" will return just "rwxr-xr-x", without the leading "d".

   "file_mode"
       Given a filename, do "lstat" on the file to determine the mode, and return the mode, formatted as above.

   Novice Operation Mode
       A common mistake when dealing with permission modes is to use 644 where you meant to use 0644.  Every permission has a numeric
       representation, but the representation only makes sense when you write the number in octal.  The decimal number 644 corresponds to a
       permission setting, but not the one you think.  If you write it in octal you get 01204, which corresponds to the unlikely permissions
       "-w----r-T", not to "rw-r--r--".

       The appearance of the bizarre permission "-w----r-T" in a program is almost a sure sign that someone used 644 when they meant to use 0644.
       By default, this module will detect the use of such unlikely permissions and issue a warning if you try to format them.	To disable these
       warnings, use

	Stat::lsMode->novice(0);   # disable novice mode

	Stat::lsMode->novice(1);   # enable novice mode again

       The surprising permissions that are diagnosed by this mode are:

	       111 => --xr-xrwx
	       400 => rw--w----
	       440 => rw-rwx---
	       444 => rw-rwxr--
	       551 => ---r--rwt
	       600 => --x-wx--T
	       640 => -w------T
	       644 => -w----r-T
	       660 => -w--w-r-T
	       664 => -w--wx--T
	       666 => -w--wx-wT
	       700 => -w-rwxr-T
	       711 => -wx---rwt
	       750 => -wxr-xrwT
	       751 => -wxr-xrwt
	       751 => -wxr-xrwt
	       755 => -wxrw--wt
	       770 => r------wT
	       771 => r------wt
	       775 => r-----rwt
	       777 => r----x--t

       Of these, only 400 is remotely plausible.

BUGS

       As far as I know, the precise definition of the mode bits is portable between varieties of Unix.  The module should, however, examine
       "stat.h" or use some other method to find out if there are any local variations, because Unix being Unix, someone somewhere probably does
       it differently.

       Maybe it "file_mode" should have an option that says that if the file is a symlink, to format the mode of the pointed to file instead of
       the mode of the link itself, the way "ls -Ll" does.

SEE ALSO

       o   "http://www.plover.com/~mjd/perl/lsMode/".

       o   ls

       o   chmod

       o   stat

AUTHOR

       Mark-Jason Dominus ("mjd-perl-lsmode@plover.com").

perl v5.10.1							    1998-04-20							       lsMode(3pm)