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Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Replacing columns-separated fields having special characters Post 303045841 by MadeInGermany on Wednesday 15th of April 2020 06:08:48 AM
Old 04-15-2020
You are right - sed only takes RegularExpressions so is not ideal if you want to match plain strings that can contain RE-specific characters.
A better tool for this is awk. Here is a principle solution:
Code:
echo 'bla:fromstring:blabla:fromstring' | awk 'BEGIN { RS=":" } $1==from { $1=to } 1' from='fromstring' to='tostring' | paste -sd ":"
bla:tostring:blabla:tostring

The RS (RecordSeparator) is changed from newline to ":".
Because awk has a problem with the last record when ORS (OutputRecordSeparator) is changed to ":" I pipe the newline-separated output to paste that does the output formatting.
 

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PASTE(1)						    BSD General Commands Manual 						  PASTE(1)

NAME
paste -- merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files SYNOPSIS
paste [-s] [-d list] file ... DESCRIPTION
The paste utility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files, replacing all but the last file's newline characters with a single tab character, and writes the resulting lines to standard output. If end-of-file is reached on an input file while other input files still contain data, the file is treated as if it were an endless source of empty lines. The options are as follows: -d list Use one or more of the provided characters to replace the newline characters instead of the default tab. The characters in list are used circularly, i.e., when list is exhausted the first character from list is reused. This continues until a line from the last input file (in default operation) or the last line in each file (using the -s option) is displayed, at which time paste begins selecting characters from the beginning of list again. The following special characters can also be used in list: newline character tab character \ backslash character Empty string (not a null character). Any other character preceded by a backslash is equivalent to the character itself. -s Concatenate all of the lines of each separate input file in command line order. The newline character of every line except the last line in each input file is replaced with the tab character, unless otherwise specified by the -d option. If '-' is specified for one or more of the input files, the standard input is used; standard input is read one line at a time, circularly, for each instance of '-'. EXAMPLES
List the files in the current directory in three columns: ls | paste - - - Combine pairs of lines from a file into single lines: paste -s -d ' ' myfile Number the lines in a file, similar to nl(1): sed = myfile | paste -s -d ' ' - - Create a colon-separated list of directories named bin, suitable for use in the PATH environment variable: find / -name bin -type d | paste -s -d : - DIAGNOSTICS
The paste utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. SEE ALSO
cut(1), lam(1) STANDARDS
The paste utility is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'') compatible. HISTORY
A paste command appeared in Version 32V AT&T UNIX. BUGS
Multibyte character delimiters cannot be specified with the -d option. BSD
September 20, 2001 BSD
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