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Full Discussion: Controlling terminal of a display server
Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Controlling terminal of a display server Post 303044468 by yavuzileri on Saturday 22nd of February 2020 10:45:05 AM
Old 02-22-2020
Controlling terminal of a display server
When I login on a Fedora 31 workstation and run the ps command, I see the below output;

for an X session:

Code:
 PID TT   CMD
...
   1 ?    /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 29
...
 820 ?      /usr/sbin/gdm
1305 ?        gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password]
1346 tty2       /usr/libexec/gdm-x-session --run-script /usr/bin/gnome-session
1348 tty2         /usr/libexec/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -background none -noreset -keeptty -verbose 3
1444 tty2         /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary
1465 ?              /usr/bin/ssh-agent /bin/sh -c exec -l /bin/bash -c "/usr/bin/gnome-session"
...
1316 ?      /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
1322 ?        (sd-pam)
...
1531 ?        /usr/bin/gnome-shell
...

for a Wayland session:

Code:
 PID TT   CMD
...
   1 ?    /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 29
...
 825 ?      /usr/sbin/gdm
1309 ?        gdm-session-worker [pam/gdm-password]
1351 tty2       /usr/libexec/gdm-wayland-session /usr/bin/gnome-session
1356 tty2         /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary
...
1321 ?      /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
1327 ?        (sd-pam)
...
1492 ?        /usr/bin/gnome-shell
...

As I understand, graphical logins via a display manager like gdm executes an X/Wayland session directly after authenticating a user, instead of executing a login shell. I see that both X and Wayland sessions are started on a virtual terminal (tty2), and what the Xorg(1) says about the vt option is: 'This option applies only to platforms that have virtual terminal support, such as Linux, BSD, OpenSolaris, SVR3, and SVR4.' Is starting X/Wayland sessions with a controlling tty done merely to provide the ability to switch to other virtual terminals while running a graphical shell in one, or is it a constraint of X/Wayland? Is it possible to start an X/Wayland session without a controlling tty on Linux, and is this up to gdm, X/Wayland, or systemd? And what would be an example of a system that runs Xorg and doesn't have virtual terminals at all unlike the systems listed in Xorg(1)?
 

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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT

gnome-session

GNOME(1)						      General Commands Manual							  GNOME(1)

gnome-session - Starts up the GNOME desktop environment

SYNOPSIS

       gnome-session [--choosesession] [--failsafe] [--purge-delay=DELAY] [--warn-delay=DELAY] [--suicide-delay=DELAY] [session-name]

DESCRIPTION

       The  gnome-session  program starts up the GNOME desktop environment.  This command is typically executed by your login manager (either gdm,
       xdm, or from your X startup scripts).  It will load either your last session, or it will provide a default session for the user as  defined
       by the system administrator (or the default GNOME installation on your system).

       You can optionally specify a specific session name to restore.

       gnome-session is an X11R6 session manager.  It can manage GNOME applications as well as any X11R6 SM compliant.

       gnome-session  uses  the  contents  of  the   ~/.gnome/session  file  for  starting  up	as  specified by the "Current Sesssion" key in the
       ~/.gnome/session-options file.  Various default values are provided in case the file entry does not exist.

       If the session file does not exist, gnome-session will use the contents of the /usr/share/gnome/default.session file.

OPTIONS

       The following options are supported:

       --choose-session=ARG
	      User can specify a session to load, as opposed to the session specified in the ~/.gnome/session-options file. If that entry does not
	      exist  in  the  ~/.gnome/session file (or if that file doesn't exist), it will use the default session and all saves to that session
	      will be to the new session name.

       --failsafe
	      Fail safe operations mode: only reads saved sessions from the default.session file.

       --purge-delay=ARG
	      The number of millisecond that gnome-session will wait for clients to register, if you use 0 it will wait  forever  (default  value:
	      30,000 milliseconds).

       --warn-delay=ARG
	      The  number  of  millisecond  that gnome-session will wait for clients to respond, if you use 0 it will wait forever (default value:
	      10,000 milliseconds).

       --suicide-delay=ARG
	      The number of millisecond that gnome-session will wait for clients to die, if you use 0 it will wait forever (default value:  10,000
	      milliseconds).

ENVIRONMENT

       gnome-session  accepts  all  of the standard environment variables used by gnome programs, other than the SESSION_MANAGER environment vari-
       able. [ xref to a manpage where this is documented. ] gnome-session also sets several environment variables for the use of its  child  pro-
       cesses.

       SESSION_MANAGER

	      This variable is used by session-manager aware clients to contact gnome-session.

       DISPLAY

	      This variable is set to the X display being used by gnome-session. Note that if the --display option is used this might be different
	      from the setting of the environment variable when gnome-session is invoked.

SEE ALSO

       default.session(5),gnome-session-save(1)

BUGS

       If you find bugs in the gnome-session program, please report these using  bug-buddy  or	the  gnome-bug	script	included  with	the  GNOME
       libraries distribution.

								     GNOME 1.0								  GNOME(1)
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