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Top Forums Programming How to make use others' C library installed not for the system-wide (Ubuntu/Linux)? Post 303043110 by GRMartin on Saturday 18th of January 2020 10:02:22 AM
Old 01-18-2020
Quote:
Originally Posted by yifangt
It seems to me that they are different names for the same thing, but I might be wrong.
3) My point is what the right way(s)---may not be the best way--- is to use them.
Can I ask in another way:
What is the best practice to use others library (static *.a and shared *.so) not installed system-wide in C programming? I may need to start a new thread before the topic is veered too far off.

Thank you so much for your time!

No, they are not at all the same thing. An archive is just that. A collection of object files that can be statically linked to your executable. Shared objects are dynamically linked at runtime. They are compiled with a flag that tells the compiler to generate position independent code. Here's what gcc docs have to say:


Code:
-fpic   Generate position-independent code (PIC) suitable for use in a shared library, if supported for the target machine.  Such code accesses all constant addresses through a global offset table (GOT).  The dynamic loader resolves the GOT entries when the program starts (the dynamic loader is not part of GCC; it is part of the operating system).  If the GOT size for the linked executable exceeds a machine-specific maximum size, you get an error message from the linker indicating that -fpic does not work; in that case, recompile with -fPIC instead.  (These maximums are 8k on the SPARC, 28k on AArch64 and 32k on the m68k and RS/6000.  The x86 has no such limit.)

Since archives are statically linked to your your code, it is no longer dependent on the object. With shared objects you remain dependent on the library.
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DtSearchExit(library call)												DtSearchExit(library call)

NAME
DtSearchExit -- Perform orderly shutdown of search engine SYNOPSIS
#include <Dt/Search.h> void DtSearchExit( int return-code); void DtSearchAddUserExit( void (*user_exit)(int)); void DtSearchRemoveUserExit( ); DESCRIPTION
DtSearchExit is an internal exit call for the online API. It may be called by any API module when a fatal error or aborting signal is detected. It performs an orderly shutdown of the search engine including graceful database closure, communications disconnect, release of system resources, restoration of environment, etc., as necessary. It will call a user exit function if one was installed by DtSearchAd- dUserExit. The final action is a call to the standard system exit function so DtSearchExit never returns. The return_code passed to DtSearchExit will eventually be the value passed to exit. Usage of DtSearchExit is not required to use the DtSearch API. Each API function does its own resource cleanup before returning to the caller so process termination outside of the API need not make further reference to the API. For the convenience of API users, DtSearchAddUserExit may be called to install an optional user_exit function which will be called from within DtSearchExit. The user_exit argument is a pointer to a user written function that takes an integer argument and returns void. If DtSearchExit is called, the value of return_code will be passed as the argument to the user_exit function. Calling DtSearchAddUserExit replaces a user_exit installed by a previous call, if any. User exits are typically installed to ensure that required application cleanup is performed if the API should happen to abort. Since DtSearchExit may be called from within a signal catching function, user_exit should not call functions which would be unsafe for a signal catcher to call, as defined by the POSIX standard. DtSearchRemoveUserExit may be called to remove any user_exit installed by a previous call to DtSearchAddUserExit. RETURN VALUE
DtSearchExit and the user_exit installed by DtSearchAddUserExit do not return. SEE ALSO
DtSrAPI(3), DtSearch(5) DtSearchExit(library call)
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