It seems to me that they are different names for the same thing, but I might be wrong.
3) My point is what the right way(s)---may not be the best way--- is to use them.
Can I ask in another way:
What is the best practice to use others library (static*.a and shared*.so) not installed system-wide in C programming? I may need to start a new thread before the topic is veered too far off.
Thank you so much for your time!
No, they are not at all the same thing. An archive is just that. A collection of object files that can be statically linked to your executable. Shared objects are dynamically linked at runtime. They are compiled with a flag that tells the compiler to generate position independent code. Here's what gcc docs have to say:
Code:
-fpic Generate position-independent code (PIC) suitable for use in a shared library, if supported for the target machine. Such code accesses all constant addresses through a global offset table (GOT). The dynamic loader resolves the GOT entries when the program starts (the dynamic loader is not part of GCC; it is part of the operating system). If the GOT size for the linked executable exceeds a machine-specific maximum size, you get an error message from the linker indicating that -fpic does not work; in that case, recompile with -fPIC instead. (These maximums are 8k on the SPARC, 28k on AArch64 and 32k on the m68k and RS/6000. The x86 has no such limit.)
Since archives are statically linked to your your code, it is no longer dependent on the object. With shared objects you remain dependent on the library.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
gmtlogo
GMTLOGO(1gmt) Generic Mapping Tools GMTLOGO(1gmt)NAME
gmtlogo - Adding a GMT graphics logo overlay to an illustration
SYNOPSIS
gmtlogo dx dy [ -Gfill ] [ -W[pen] ] >> plot.ps
DESCRIPTION
This scrips appends the GMT logo to an "open" PostScript file. The logo is 2 inches wide and 1 inch high and will be positioned with the
lower left corner at the position (dx,dy) relative to the current plot origin.
OPTIONS -G Select color or pattern for filling the underlying box [Default is no fill]. (See SPECIFYING FILL below).
-W Set pen attributes for the outline of the box [Default is no outline]. (See SPECIFYING PENS below).
SPECIFYING PENS
pen The attributes of lines and symbol outlines as defined by pen is a comma delimetered list of width, color and texture, each of which
is optional. width can be indicated as a measure (points, centimeters, inches) or as faint, thin[ner|nest], thick[er|est],
fat[ter|test], or obese. color specifies a gray shade or color (see SPECIFYING COLOR below). texture is a combination of dashes
`-' and dots `.'.
SPECIFYING FILL
fill The attribute fill specifies the solid shade or solid color (see SPECIFYING COLOR below) or the pattern used for filling polygons.
Patterns are specified as pdpi/pattern, where pattern gives the number of the built-in pattern (1-90) or the name of a Sun 1-, 8-,
or 24-bit raster file. The dpi sets the resolution of the image. For 1-bit rasters: use Pdpi/pattern for inverse video, or append
:Fcolor[B[color]] to specify fore- and background colors (use color = - for transparency). See GMT Cookbook & Technical Reference
Appendix E for information on individual patterns.
SPECIFYING COLOR
color The color of lines, areas and patterns can be specified by a valid color name; by a gray shade (in the range 0-255); by a decimal
color code (r/g/b, each in range 0-255; h-s-v, ranges 0-360, 0-1, 0-1; or c/m/y/k, each in range 0-1); or by a hexadecimal color
code (#rrggbb, as used in HTML). See the gmtcolors manpage for more information and a full list of color names.
SEE ALSO GMT(1), gmtcolors(5), psimage(1)GMT 4.5.7 15 Jul 2011 GMTLOGO(1gmt)