01-17-2020
Thanks Greg, and Neo---although your input is more than I expected.
I found the topic deviated from the original point I was asking, because there are many aspects hidden behind my question that I do not know. However, It is easier for me to learn by example, especially on coding.
Normally, I found there is one layer missing to me when others library is installed in the system. Simply sudo apt-get install / sudo yum install etc does not help me in actual C coding from scratch.
Here, I want to stick to the tech and only the tech part, i.e: "In my this example, what is the correct/standard way to make use the downloaded htslib not installed system-wide? "
1) I want to confirm the options of my command line that are correct in general, while I'm trying to find the official reference (which normally do not have real hands-on example, e.g $ORIGIN);
2) Trying to catch the standard way to use non-system *.a and *.so files in C coding on top of point 1). Here "standard way" can be replaced with "common way" if there is not all-for-one solution, which is normally the case.
Two examples, (1) the standard way to use shared objects (.so) is to install them in the system directories Thanks Greg! This cleared my confusion. The not-answered part is how to make use of the *.so file when it is not installed system wide. (2) I saw people usually use static library for *.a files and dynamic library for *.so files, but Greg consistently use archives for *.a files and shared objects for *.so ones. It seems to me that they are different names for the same thing, but I might be wrong.
This was a so big confusing wording! And I owe an apology to all who read this post!
3) My point is what the right way(s)---may not be the best way--- is to use them.
Can I ask in another way:
What is the best practice to use others library (static *.a and shared *.so) not installed system-wide in C programming? I may need to start a new thread before the topic is veered too far off.
Thank you so much for your time!
Last edited by yifangt; 01-18-2020 at 02:47 PM..
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
syncpackage
SYNCPACKAGE(1) General Commands Manual SYNCPACKAGE(1)
NAME
syncpackage - copy source packages from Debian to Ubuntu
SYNOPSIS
syncpackage [options] <.dsc URL/path or package name>
DESCRIPTION
syncpackage causes a source package to be copied from Debian to Ubuntu.
syncpackage allows you to upload files with the same checksums of the Debian ones, as the common script used by Ubuntu archive administra-
tors does, this way you can preserve source files integrity between the two distributions.
syncpackage will detect source tarballs with mismatching checksums, and can perform fake syncs.
WARNING
The use of syncpackage --no-lp, which generates a changes file to be directly uploaded to the Ubuntu primary archive or a PPA, is discour-
aged by the Ubuntu Archive Administrators, as it introduces an unnecessary window for error. This only exists for backward compatibility,
for unusual corner cases (such as fakesyncs), and for uploads to archives other than the Ubuntu primary archive. Omitting this option will
cause Launchpad to perform the sync request directly, which is the preferred method for uploads to the Ubuntu primary archive.
OPTIONS
-h, --help
Show help message and exit
-d DIST, --distribution=DIST
Debian distribution to sync from. Default is testing during LTS cycles, and unstable otherwise.
-r RELEASE, --release=RELEASE
Specify target Ubuntu release. Default: current development release.
-V DEBVERSION, --debian-version=DEBVERSION
Specify the version to sync from.
-c COMPONENT, --component=COMPONENT
Specify the component to sync from.
-b BUG, --bug=BUG
Mark a Launchpad bug as being fixed by this upload.
-s USERNAME, --sponsor=USERNAME
Sponsor the sync for USERNAME (a Launchpad username).
-v, --verbose
Display more progress information.
-F, --fakesync
Perform a fakesync, to work around a tarball mismatch between Debian and Ubuntu. This option ignores blacklisting, and performs a
local sync. It implies --no-lp, and will leave a signed .changes file for you to upload.
-f, --force
Force sync over the top of Ubuntu changes.
--no-conf
Do not read any configuration files, or configuration from environment variables.
-l INSTANCE, --lpinstance=INSTANCE
Launchpad instance to connect to (default: production).
--simulate
Show what would be done, but don't actually do it.
LOCAL SYNC PREPARATION OPTIONS
Options that only apply when using --no-lp:
--no-lp
Construct sync locally, rather than letting Launchpad copy the package directly. It will leave a signed .changes file for you to
upload. See the WARNING above.
-n UPLOADER_NAME, --uploader-name=UPLOADER_NAME
Use UPLOADER_NAME as the name of the maintainer for this upload instead of evaluating DEBFULLNAME and UBUMAIL. This option may only
be used in --no-lp mode.
-e UPLOADER_EMAIL, --uploader-email=UPLOADER_EMAIL
Use UPLOADER_EMAIL as the email address of the maintainer for this upload instead of evaluating DEBEMAIL and UBUMAIL. This option
may only be used in --no-lp mode.
-k KEYID, --key=KEYID
Specify the key ID to be used for signing.
--dont-sign
Do not sign the upload.
-d DEBIAN_MIRROR, --debian-mirror=DEBIAN_MIRROR
Use the specified mirror. Should be in the form http://ftp.debian.org/debian. If the package isn't found on this mirror, syncpack-
age will fall back to the default mirror.
-s UBUNTU_MIRROR, --debsec-mirror=UBUNTU_MIRROR
Use the specified Debian security mirror. Should be in the form http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu. If the package isn't found on
this mirror, syncpackage will fall back to the default mirror.
ENVIRONMENT
DEBFULLNAME, DEBEMAIL, UBUMAIL
Used to determine the uploader (if not supplied as options). See ubuntu-dev-tools(5) for details.
All of the CONFIGURATION VARIABLES below are also supported as environment variables. Variables in the environment take precedence to
those in configuration files.
CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
The following variables can be set in the environment or in ubuntu-dev-tools(5) configuration files. In each case, the script-specific
variable takes precedence over the package-wide variable.
SYNCPACKAGE_DEBIAN_MIRROR, UBUNTUTOOLS_DEBIAN_MIRROR
The default value for --debian-mirror.
SYNCPACKAGE_UBUNTU_MIRROR, UBUNTUTOOLS_DEBSEC_MIRROR
The default value for --ubuntu-mirror.
SYNCPACKAGE_KEYID, UBUNTUTOOLS_KEYID
The default value for --key.
SEE ALSO
requestsync(1), ubuntu-dev-tools(5)
AUTHOR
syncpackage was written by Martin Pitt <martin.pitt@canonical.com> and Benjamin Drung <bdrung@ubuntu.com>.
This manual page were written by Luca Falavigna <dktrkranz@ubuntu.com>
Both are released under GNU General Public License, version 3.
ubuntu-dev-tools June 2010 SYNCPACKAGE(1)