Email::Address(3)					User Contributed Perl Documentation					 Email::Address(3)

NAME

       Email::Address - RFC 2822 Address Parsing and Creation

SYNOPSIS

	 use Email::Address;

	 my @addresses = Email::Address->parse($line);
	 my $address   = Email::Address->new(Casey => 'casey@localhost');

	 print $address->format;

VERSION

       version 1.898

DESCRIPTION

       This class implements a regex-based RFC 2822 parser that locates email addresses in strings and returns a list of "Email::Address" objects
       found.  Alternatively you may construct objects manually. The goal of this software is to be correct, and very very fast.

   Package Variables
       ACHTUNG!  Email isn't easy (if even possible) to parse with a regex, at least if you're on a "perl" prior to 5.10.0.  Providing regular
       expressions for use by other programs isn't a great idea, because it makes it hard to improve the parser without breaking the "it's a
       regex" feature.	Using these regular expressions is not encouraged, and methods like "Email::Address->is_addr_spec" should be provided in
       the future.

       Several regular expressions used in this package are useful to others.  For convenience, these variables are declared as package variables
       that you may access from your program.

       These regular expressions conform to the rules specified in RFC 2822.

       You can access these variables using the full namespace. If you want short names, define them yourself.

	 my $addr_spec = $Email::Address::addr_spec;

       $Email::Address::addr_spec
	   This regular expression defined what an email address is allowed to look like.

       $Email::Address::angle_addr
	   This regular expression defines an $addr_spec wrapped in angle brackets.

       $Email::Address::name_addr
	   This regular expression defines what an email address can look like with an optional preceding display name, also known as the
	   "phrase".

       $Email::Address::mailbox
	   This is the complete regular expression defining an RFC 2822 emial address with an optional preceding display name and optional
	   following comment.

   Class Methods
       parse
	     my @addrs = Email::Address->parse(
	       q[me@local, Casey <me@local>, "Casey" <me@local> (West)]
	     );

	   This method returns a list of "Email::Address" objects it finds in the input string.

	   The specification for an email address allows for infinitley nestable comments. That's nice in theory, but a little over done.  By
	   default this module allows for two (2) levels of nested comments. If you think you need more, modify the
	   $Email::Address::COMMENT_NEST_LEVEL package variable to allow more.

	     $Email::Address::COMMENT_NEST_LEVEL = 10; # I'm deep

	   The reason for this hardly-limiting limitation is simple: efficiency.

	   Long strings of whitespace can be problematic for this module to parse, a bug which has not yet been adequately addressed.  The default
	   behavior is now to collapse multiple spaces into a single space, which avoids this problem.	To prevent this behavior, set
	   $Email::Address::COLLAPSE_SPACES to zero.  This variable will go away when the bug is resolved properly.

	   In accordance with RFC 822 and its descendants, this module demands that email addresses be ASCII only.  Any non-ASCII content in the
	   parsed addresses will cause the parser to return no results.

       new
	     my $address = Email::Address->new(undef, 'casey@local');
	     my $address = Email::Address->new('Casey West', 'casey@local');
	     my $address = Email::Address->new(undef, 'casey@local', '(Casey)');

	   Constructs and returns a new "Email::Address" object. Takes four positional arguments: phrase, email, and comment, and original string.

	   The original string should only really be set using "parse".

       purge_cache
	     Email::Address->purge_cache;

	   One way this module stays fast is with internal caches. Caches live in memory and there is the remote possibility that you will have a
	   memory problem. On the off chance that you think you're one of those people, this class method will empty those caches.

	   I've loaded over 12000 objects and not encountered a memory problem.

       disable_cache
       enable_cache
	     Email::Address->disable_cache if memory_low();

	   If you'd rather not cache address parses at all, you can disable (and re-enable) the Email::Address cache with these methods.  The
	   cache is enabled by default.

   Instance Methods
       phrase
	     my $phrase = $address->phrase;
	     $address->phrase( "Me oh my" );

	   Accessor and mutator for the phrase portion of an address.

       address
	     my $addr = $address->address;
	     $addr->address( "me@PROTECTED.com" );

	   Accessor and mutator for the address portion of an address.

       comment
	     my $comment = $address->comment;
	     $address->comment( "(Work address)" );

	   Accessor and mutator for the comment portion of an address.

       original
	     my $orig = $address->original;

	   Accessor for the original address found when parsing, or passed to "new".

       host
	     my $host = $address->host;

	   Accessor for the host portion of an address's address.

       user
	     my $user = $address->user;

	   Accessor for the user portion of an address's address.

       format
	     my $printable = $address->format;

	   Returns a properly formatted RFC 2822 address representing the object.

       name
	     my $name = $address->name;

	   This method tries very hard to determine the name belonging to the address.	First the "phrase" is checked. If that doesn't work out
	   the "comment" is looked into. If that still doesn't work out, the "user" portion of the "address" is returned.

	   This method does not try to massage any name it identifies and instead leaves that up to someone else. Who is it to decide if someone
	   wants their name capitalized, or if they're Irish?

   Overloaded Operators
       stringify
	     print "I have your email address, $address.";

	   Objects stringify to "format" by default. It's possible that you don't like that idea. Okay, then, you can change it by modifying
	   $Email:Address::STRINGIFY. Please consider modifying this package variable using "local". You might step on someone else's toes if you
	   don't.

	     {
	       local $Email::Address::STRINGIFY = 'host';
	       print "I have your address, $address.";
	       #   geeknest.com
	     }
	     print "I have your address, $address.";
	     #	 "Casey West" <casey@geeknest.com>

	   Modifying this package variable is now deprecated. Subclassing is now the recommended approach.

   Did I Mention Fast?
       On his 1.8GHz Apple MacBook, rjbs gets these results:

	 $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 5
			  Rate	Mail::Address Email::Address
	 Mail::Address	2.59/s		   --		-44%
	 Email::Address 4.59/s		  77%		  --

	 $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 25
			  Rate	Mail::Address Email::Address
	 Mail::Address	2.58/s		   --		-67%
	 Email::Address 7.84/s		 204%		  --

	 $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 50
			  Rate	Mail::Address Email::Address
	 Mail::Address	2.57/s		   --		-70%
	 Email::Address 8.53/s		 232%		  --

       ...unfortunately, a known bug causes a loss of speed the string to parse has certain known characteristics, and disabling cache will also
       degrade performance.

SEE ALSO

       Email::Simple, perl.

AUTHOR

       Originally by Casey West, <casey@geeknest.com>.

       Maintained, 2006-2007, Ricardo SIGNES <rjbs@cpan.org>.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

       Thanks to Kevin Riggle and Tatsuhiko Miyagawa for tests for annoying phrase-quoting bugs!

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 2004 Casey West.  All rights reserved.  This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.

perl v5.16.3							    2013-02-07							 Email::Address(3)