10-24-2019
its true that MacOS is more "unix-like' than Linux because of UNIX certification. On the other hand totally unrelated Z/OS, BS2000 and other proprietary mainframe OS'ses also have posix certification. That's it and that's all either.
Under the hood MacOS keeps the user far away from the BSD cellar. The typical macos user runs very proprietary gui apps on very proprietary hardware, and only a small minority installing UNIX related services, libraries, X11, vi, emacs and so on, however that's not part of the MacOS culture, which is more windows a-like restricted, limited, not to say even worser capitalism than M$. Furthermore MacOS hat nothing to do with the classic UNIX approach of free and open, sharing and open community. Just the opposite is true. Running MacOS is like Ricky Rich living on a lonely island.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
anydbm_file
AnyDBM_File(3perl) Perl Programmers Reference Guide AnyDBM_File(3perl)
NAME
AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
NDBM_File, DB_File, GDBM_File, SDBM_File, ODBM_File - various DBM implementations
SYNOPSIS
use AnyDBM_File;
DESCRIPTION
This module is a "pure virtual base class"--it has nothing of its own. It's just there to inherit from one of the various DBM packages.
It prefers ndbm for compatibility reasons with Perl 4, then Berkeley DB (See DB_File), GDBM, SDBM (which is always there--it comes with
Perl), and finally ODBM. This way old programs that used to use NDBM via dbmopen() can still do so, but new ones can reorder @ISA:
BEGIN { @AnyDBM_File::ISA = qw(DB_File GDBM_File NDBM_File) }
use AnyDBM_File;
Having multiple DBM implementations makes it trivial to copy database formats:
use POSIX; use NDBM_File; use DB_File;
tie %newhash, 'DB_File', $new_filename, O_CREAT|O_RDWR;
tie %oldhash, 'NDBM_File', $old_filename, 1, 0;
%newhash = %oldhash;
DBM Comparisons
Here's a partial table of features the different packages offer:
odbm ndbm sdbm gdbm bsd-db
---- ---- ---- ---- ------
Linkage comes w/ perl yes yes yes yes yes
Src comes w/ perl no no yes no no
Comes w/ many unix os yes yes[0] no no no
Builds ok on !unix ? ? yes yes ?
Code Size ? ? small big big
Database Size ? ? small big? ok[1]
Speed ? ? slow ok fast
FTPable no no yes yes yes
Easy to build N/A N/A yes yes ok[2]
Size limits 1k 4k 1k[3] none none
Byte-order independent no no no no yes
Licensing restrictions ? ? no yes no
[0] on mixed universe machines, may be in the bsd compat library, which is often shunned.
[1] Can be trimmed if you compile for one access method.
[2] See DB_File. Requires symbolic links.
[3] By default, but can be redefined.
SEE ALSO
dbm(3), ndbm(3), DB_File(3), perldbmfilter
perl v5.14.2 2011-09-26 AnyDBM_File(3perl)