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Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Bash: Insert in a variable a file Post 303036191 by MadeInGermany on Tuesday 18th of June 2019 02:40:19 PM
Old 06-18-2019
Note that
Code:
var=$( < /path/to/file )

works in ksh, bash, zsh.
The standard shell needs a command like cat
Code:
var=$( cat < /path/to/file )

It is safer to only read one line from the file:
Code:
IFS= read -r var < /path/to/file

And this works in standard-compliant shells.
The IFS= and the -r force a raw read. By default read strips leading and trailing space and continues with the next line if the line ends with a \ character.
 

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RBASH(1)						      General Commands Manual							  RBASH(1)

NAME
rbash - restricted bash, see bash(1) RESTRICTED SHELL
If bash is started with the name rbash, or the -r option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It behaves identically to bash with the exception that the follow- ing are disallowed or not performed: o changing directories with cd o setting or unsetting the values of SHELL, PATH, ENV, or BASH_ENV o specifying command names containing / o specifying a file name containing a / as an argument to the . builtin command o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the -p option to the hash builtin command o importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup o parsing the value of SHELLOPTS from the shell environment at startup o redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators o using the exec builtin command to replace the shell with another command o adding or deleting builtin commands with the -f and -d options to the enable builtin command o using the enable builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins o specifying the -p option to the command builtin command o turning off restricted mode with set +r or set +o restricted. These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read. When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed, rbash turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the script. SEE ALSO
bash(1) GNU Bash-4.0 2004 Apr 20 RBASH(1)
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