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Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers How to calculate time duration in Linux? Post 303035412 by Neo on Thursday 23rd of May 2019 07:16:57 AM
Old 05-23-2019
It is always best to always get in the habit of converting time text string (formatted time) to a unix timestamp (a number).

Then, format the timestamp(s) math results as needed.

It's always best in programming to separate the time functions and processing of time from the formatting of strings, because it is trivial to convert strings to timestamps and timestamps to formatted strings.

FYI, Just about every date stored in our database here at unix.com is a unix timestamp. We generally don't store formatted date strings in DB tables (unless of course the date is part of some text in a post).
 

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IDATE(3)								 1								  IDATE(3)

idate - Format a local time/date as integer

SYNOPSIS
int idate (string $format, [int $timestamp = time()]) DESCRIPTION
Returns a number formatted according to the given format string using the given integer $timestamp or the current local time if no time- stamp is given. In other words, $timestamp is optional and defaults to the value of time(3). Unlike the function date(3), idate(3) accepts just one char in the $format parameter. PARAMETERS
o $format - The following characters are recognized in the $format parameter string +------------------+---------------------------------------------------+ |$format character | | | | | | | Description | | | | +------------------+---------------------------------------------------+ | | | | B | | | | | | | Swatch Beat/Internet Time | | | | | | | | d | | | | | | | Day of the month | | | | | | | | h | | | | | | | Hour (12 hour format) | | | | | | | | H | | | | | | | Hour (24 hour format) | | | | | | | | i | | | | | | | Minutes | | | | | | | | I (uppercase i) | | | | | | | returns 1 if DST is activated, 0 otherwise | | | | | | | | L (uppercase l) | | | | | | | returns 1 for leap year, 0 otherwise | | | | | | | | m | | | | | | | Month number | | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | Seconds | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | Days in current month | | | | | | | | U | | | | | | | Seconds since the Unix Epoch - January 1 1970 | | | 00:00:00 UTC - this is the same as time(3) | | | | | | | | w | | | | | | | Day of the week ( 0 on Sunday) | | | | | | | | W | | | | | | | ISO-8601 week number of year, weeks starting on | | | Monday | | | | | | | | y | | | | | | | Year (1 or 2 digits - check note below) | | | | | | | | Y | | | | | | | Year (4 digits) | | | | | | | | z | | | | | | | Day of the year | | | | | | | | Z | | | | | | | Timezone offset in seconds | | | | +------------------+---------------------------------------------------+ o $timestamp - The optional $timestamp parameter is an integer Unix timestamp that defaults to the current local time if a $timestamp is not given. In other words, it defaults to the value of time(3). RETURN VALUES
Returns an integer. As idate(3) always returns an integer and as they can't start with a "0", idate(3) may return fewer digits than you would expect. See the example below. ERRORS
/EXCEPTIONS Every call to a date/time function will generate a E_NOTICE if the time zone is not valid, and/or a E_STRICT or E_WARNING message if using the system settings or the $TZ environment variable. See also date_default_timezone_set(3) CHANGELOG
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+ |Version | | | | | | | Description | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ | 5.1.0 | | | | | | | Now issues the E_STRICT and E_NOTICE time zone | | | errors. | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ EXAMPLES
Example #1 idate(3) example <?php $timestamp = strtotime('1st January 2004'); //1072915200 // this prints the year in a two digit format // however, as this would start with a "0", it // only prints "4" echo idate('y', $timestamp); ?> SEE ALSO
date(3), getdate(3), time(3). PHP Documentation Group IDATE(3)
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