With regards to pattern matching, perhaps a finer point to be made here is that (standard) globbing, or glob pattern matching, is a special form of pattern matching, where patterns are used for filename expansion.

In pattern matching, the wildcards are *, ? or a bracket expression ( [ ... ] )

In the case of globbing there are the following extra rules:

Globbing results in a list of files if there is a match, or the pattern itself if there is no match. The order in which the list of files is presented is governed by LC_COLLATE.
See Patterns Used for Filename Expansion


Examples:

Code:

$ mkdir -p somedir/foo
$ touch a.b .a.b somedir/bar somedir/.baz somedir/"foo bar"
$ ls -d *
a.b	somedir
$ ls -d .*
.	..	.a.b
$ ls -d * .*
.	..	.a.b	a.b	somedir
$ ls -d * .[!.]*
.a.b	a.b	somedir
$ ls -d */*
somedir/bar	somedir/foo	somedir/foo bar

Compare this to regular pattern matching, where a slash is actually matched

Code:

$ ls -d somedir/foo | while read line; do case $line in (*) echo "$line"; esac; done
somedir/foo

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The bash shell and other more modern shells, like ksh93 and zsh also support extended globbing with additional rules.