01-29-2019
Why is ./ sometimes needed?
I typed Example 2-3 from Cooper`s Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide into my ~/bin, and it will only run if I include ./ before the filename. My other scripts in the same directory do not behave this way. $PATH includes ~/bin. I copied the file into /usr/local/bin, and it runs without ./ .
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SMRSH(8) System Manager's Manual SMRSH(8)
NAME
smrsh - restricted shell for sendmail
SYNOPSIS
smrsh -c command
DESCRIPTION
The smrsh program is intended as a replacement for sh for use in the ``prog'' mailer in sendmail(8) configuration files. It sharply limits
the commands that can be run using the ``|program'' syntax of sendmail in order to improve the over all security of your system. Briefly,
even if a ``bad guy'' can get sendmail to run a program without going through an alias or forward file, smrsh limits the set of programs
that he or she can execute.
Briefly, smrsh limits programs to be in a single directory, by default /usr/adm/sm.bin, allowing the system administrator to choose the set
of acceptable commands, and to the shell builtin commands ``exec'', ``exit'', and ``echo''. It also rejects any commands with the charac-
ters ``', `<', `>', `;', `$', `(', `)', `
' (carriage return), or `
' (newline) on the command line to prevent ``end run'' attacks. It
allows ``||'' and ``&&'' to enable commands like: ``"|exec /usr/local/bin/filter || exit 75"''
Initial pathnames on programs are stripped, so forwarding to ``/usr/ucb/vacation'', ``/usr/bin/vacation'', ``/home/server/mydir/bin/vaca-
tion'', and ``vacation'' all actually forward to ``/usr/adm/sm.bin/vacation''.
System administrators should be conservative about populating the sm.bin directory. For example, a reasonable additions is vacation(1),
and the like. No matter how brow-beaten you may be, never include any shell or shell-like program (such as perl(1)) in the sm.bin direc-
tory. Note that this does not restrict the use of shell or perl scripts in the sm.bin directory (using the ``#!'' syntax); it simply dis-
allows execution of arbitrary programs. Also, including mail filtering programs such as procmail(1) is a very bad idea. procmail(1)
allows users to run arbitrary programs in their procmailrc(5).
COMPILATION
Compilation should be trivial on most systems. You may need to use -DSMRSH_PATH="path" to adjust the default search path (defaults to
``/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb'') and/or -DSMRSH_CMDDIR="dir" to change the default program directory (defaults to ``/usr/adm/sm.bin'').
FILES
/usr/adm/sm.bin - default directory for restricted programs on most OSs
/var/adm/sm.bin - directory for restricted programs on HP UX and Solaris
/usr/libexec/sm.bin - directory for restricted programs on FreeBSD (>= 3.3) and DragonFly BSD
SEE ALSO
sendmail(8)
$Date: 2004/08/06 03:55:35 $ SMRSH(8)