12-05-2017
While the community in here are happy to help people, be it simple or complex questions, the main objective is to help them help themselves. Amongst others, man pages are invaluable sources of info, e.g.
man date:
Quote:
FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are:
.
.
.
%s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
This would answer your first question: 1512363600 is the number of seconds since "the epoque", of that day's midnight.
2. question: how many seconds does an hour have? how many hours a day?
3.
man awk:
Quote:
7. Builtin-variables
.
.
.
NR current record number in the total input stream.
By default, lines are the records for
awk, so
NR==19 detects the 19th line (as requested)
Quote:
substr(s,i,n) / substr(s,i)
Returns the substring of string s, starting at index i, of length n. If n is omitted, the suffix of s, starting at i is returned.
so
substr($0,31,11) will extract exactly that part of the line that needs to be compared to your sample text.
I think the logics should be clear by now.
Last edited by RudiC; 12-05-2017 at 06:08 AM..
This User Gave Thanks to RudiC For This Post:
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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
shell-quote
SHELL-QUOTE(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation SHELL-QUOTE(1)
NAME
shell-quote - quote arguments for safe use, unmodified in a shell command
SYNOPSIS
shell-quote [switch]... arg...
DESCRIPTION
shell-quote lets you pass arbitrary strings through the shell so that they won't be changed by the shell. This lets you process commands
or files with embedded white space or shell globbing characters safely. Here are a few examples.
EXAMPLES
ssh preserving args
When running a remote command with ssh, ssh doesn't preserve the separate arguments it receives. It just joins them with spaces and
passes them to "$SHELL -c". This doesn't work as intended:
ssh host touch 'hi there' # fails
It creates 2 files, hi and there. Instead, do this:
cmd=`shell-quote touch 'hi there'`
ssh host "$cmd"
This gives you just 1 file, hi there.
process find output
It's not ordinarily possible to process an arbitrary list of files output by find with a shell script. Anything you put in $IFS to
split up the output could legitimately be in a file's name. Here's how you can do it using shell-quote:
eval set -- `find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 shell-quote --`
debug shell scripts
shell-quote is better than echo for debugging shell scripts.
debug() {
[ -z "$debug" ] || shell-quote "debug:" "$@"
}
With echo you can't tell the difference between "debug 'foo bar'" and "debug foo bar", but with shell-quote you can.
save a command for later
shell-quote can be used to build up a shell command to run later. Say you want the user to be able to give you switches for a command
you're going to run. If you don't want the switches to be re-evaluated by the shell (which is usually a good idea, else there are
things the user can't pass through), you can do something like this:
user_switches=
while [ $# != 0 ]
do
case x$1 in
x--pass-through)
[ $# -gt 1 ] || die "need an argument for $1"
user_switches="$user_switches "`shell-quote -- "$2"`
shift;;
# process other switches
esac
shift
done
# later
eval "shell-quote some-command $user_switches my args"
OPTIONS
--debug
Turn debugging on.
--help
Show the usage message and die.
--version
Show the version number and exit.
AVAILABILITY
The code is licensed under the GNU GPL. Check http://www.argon.org/~roderick/ or CPAN for updated versions.
AUTHOR
Roderick Schertler <roderick@argon.org>
perl v5.16.3 2010-06-11 SHELL-QUOTE(1)