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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting How to store info from a txt file into a hash? Post 302997833 by Aia on Saturday 20th of May 2017 12:59:35 PM
Old 05-20-2017
Quote:
Originally Posted by Eric1
I'm trying to make a perl script using the "open" command to open and read a file, storing the information in said file into a hash structure.

This is what is inside my file-

Code:
Celena Standard  F 01/24/94 Cancer 
Jeniffer Orlowski  F 06/24/86 None
Brent Koehler  M 12/05/97  HIV
Mao Schleich  M 04/17/60  Cancer
Goldie Moultrie  F 04/05/96  None
Silva Rizzo  F 10/26/78  Amyloidosis
Leatha Papenfuss  F 10/15/97  CREST
Vita Sabb  F 05/28/87  Autism
Alyce Ugarte  F 12/21/64  HIV
Ela Prout  F 12/05/57  Autism
Mohamed Buchannon  M 07/24/91  Caner
Lael Stall  M 12/05/97  None

The first column is a name, the second is gender, third is birthdate, fourth is disease. The name is supposed to be the key while the other three columns are the values.

Also how would I allow the user to change information and output information to another file?


Moderator's Comments:
Mod Comment Please use CODE tags for data as well as required by forum rules!
Hello Eric1,

Let me give you a few examples.
If I were to implement at face value what you are asking this would be the result:
Code:
$ cat read_list.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my %patient;
while(<>) {
    my @pair = /^(\w+\s\w+)\s+(.+)$/;
    $patient{$pair[0]} = $pair[1];
}
print Dumper \%patient;


Output:

Code:
$VAR1 = {
          'Leatha Papenfuss' => 'F 10/15/97  CREST',
          'Celena Standard' => 'F 01/24/94 Cancer ',
          'Vita Sabb' => 'F 05/28/87  Autism',
          'Jeniffer Orlowski' => 'F 06/24/86 None',
          'Alyce Ugarte' => 'F 12/21/64  HIV',
          'Silva Rizzo' => 'F 10/26/78  Amyloidosis',
          'Lael Stall' => 'M 12/05/97  None',
          'Mao Schleich' => 'M 04/17/60  Cancer',
          'Brent Koehler' => 'M 12/05/97  HIV',
          'Mohamed Buchannon' => 'M 07/24/91  Caner',
          'Ela Prout' => 'F 12/05/57  Autism',
          'Goldie Moultrie' => 'F 04/05/96  None'
        };

But I suspect that's not what you want. Probably, you would like something more like:
Code:
$ cat read_names.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my %patient;
while(<>) {
    my @record = split;
    $patient{"@record[0..1]"} = {
        'gender' => "$record[2]",
        'birthday' => "$record[3]",
        'disease' => "@record[4..$#record]",
    }

}
print Dumper \%patient;

Output:
Code:
$ perl read_names.pl people.list
$VAR1 = {
          'Leatha Papenfuss' => {
                                  'disease' => 'CREST',
                                  'birthday' => '10/15/97',
                                  'gender' => 'F'
                                },
          'Celena Standard' => {
                                 'disease' => 'Cancer',
                                 'birthday' => '01/24/94',
                                 'gender' => 'F'
                               },
          'Vita Sabb' => {
                           'disease' => 'Autism',
                           'birthday' => '05/28/87',
                           'gender' => 'F'
                         },
          'Jeniffer Orlowski' => {
                                   'disease' => 'None',
                                   'birthday' => '06/24/86',
                                   'gender' => 'F'
                                 },
          'Alyce Ugarte' => {
                              'disease' => 'HIV',
                              'birthday' => '12/21/64',
                              'gender' => 'F'
                            },
          'Silva Rizzo' => {
                             'disease' => 'Amyloidosis',
                             'birthday' => '10/26/78',
                             'gender' => 'F'
                           },
          'Lael Stall' => {
                            'disease' => 'None',
                            'birthday' => '12/05/97',
                            'gender' => 'M'
                          },
          'Mao Schleich' => {
                              'disease' => 'Cancer',
                              'birthday' => '04/17/60',
                              'gender' => 'M'
                            },
          'Brent Koehler' => {
                               'disease' => 'HIV',
                               'birthday' => '12/05/97',
                               'gender' => 'M'
                             },
          'Mohamed Buchannon' => {
                                   'disease' => 'Caner',
                                   'birthday' => '07/24/91',
                                   'gender' => 'M'
                                 },
          'Ela Prout' => {
                           'disease' => 'Autism',
                           'birthday' => '12/05/57',
                           'gender' => 'F'
                         },
          'Goldie Moultrie' => {
                                 'disease' => 'None',
                                 'birthday' => '04/05/96',
                                 'gender' => 'F'
                               }
        };

However, depending of the real input, that might have a serious flaw. Name plus last name is not unique enough. There is the strong possibility that two or more entries might contain the same name last-name record even when the data would mean different people. Translation: you loose data, since a hash will keep only the last read.

Adding the birthday to the id might help to prevent that. Here's a modification of the previous code, using a modified input to prove handling of name collision and multi-word decease:

INPUT:


Code:
$ cat name.list
Celena Standard  F 01/24/94 Cancer
Jeniffer Orlowski  F 06/24/86 None
Brent Koehler  M 12/05/97  HIV
Mao Schleich  M 04/17/60  Cancer
Goldie Moultrie  F 04/05/96  None
Silva Rizzo  F 10/26/78  Amyloidosis
Leatha Papenfuss  F 10/15/97  CREST
Vita Sabb  F 05/28/87  Autism
Alyce Ugarte  F 12/21/64  HIV
Ela Prout  F 12/05/57  Autism
Silva Rizzo  F 22/5/81  Dissociative Indentity Disorder
Mohamed Buchannon  M 07/24/91  Caner
Lael Stall  M 12/05/97  None

Code:
$ cat read_names.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my %patient;
while(<>) {
    my @record = split;
    $patient{"@record[0..1,3]"} = {
        'gender' => "$record[2]",
        'birthday' => "$record[3]",
        'disease' => "@record[4..$#record]",
    }

}
print Dumper \%patient;

Output:

Code:
$ perl read_names.pl name.list
$VAR1 = {
          'Ela Prout 12/05/57' => {
                                    'disease' => 'Autism',
                                    'birthday' => '12/05/57',
                                    'gender' => 'F'
                                  },
          'Silva Rizzo 10/26/78' => {
                                      'disease' => 'Amyloidosis',
                                      'birthday' => '10/26/78',
                                      'gender' => 'F'
                                    },
          'Mohamed Buchannon 07/24/91' => {
                                            'disease' => 'Caner',
                                            'birthday' => '07/24/91',
                                            'gender' => 'M'
                                          },
          'Vita Sabb 05/28/87' => {
                                    'disease' => 'Autism',
                                    'birthday' => '05/28/87',
                                    'gender' => 'F'
                                  },
          'Mao Schleich 04/17/60' => {
                                       'disease' => 'Cancer',
                                       'birthday' => '04/17/60',
                                       'gender' => 'M'
                                     },
          'Brent Koehler 12/05/97' => {
                                        'disease' => 'HIV',
                                        'birthday' => '12/05/97',
                                        'gender' => 'M'
                                      },
          'Jeniffer Orlowski 06/24/86' => {
                                            'disease' => 'None',
                                            'birthday' => '06/24/86',
                                            'gender' => 'F'
                                          },
          'Lael Stall 12/05/97' => {
                                     'disease' => 'None',
                                     'birthday' => '12/05/97',
                                     'gender' => 'M'
                                   },
          'Leatha Papenfuss 10/15/97' => {
                                           'disease' => 'CREST',
                                           'birthday' => '10/15/97',
                                           'gender' => 'F'
                                         },
          'Silva Rizzo 22/5/81' => {
                                     'disease' => 'Dissociative Indentity Disorder',
                                     'birthday' => '22/5/81',
                                     'gender' => 'F'
                                   },
          'Alyce Ugarte 12/21/64' => {
                                       'disease' => 'HIV',
                                       'birthday' => '12/21/64',
                                       'gender' => 'F'
                                     },
          'Goldie Moultrie 04/05/96' => {
                                          'disease' => 'None',
                                          'birthday' => '04/05/96',
                                          'gender' => 'F'
                                        },
          'Celena Standard 01/24/94' => {
                                          'disease' => 'Cancer',
                                          'birthday' => '01/24/94',
                                          'gender' => 'F'
                                        }
        };

Note:
The code assumes that the patient will always be name and last-name and not a variation like name alone or name, middle name, last-name, etc...

Once you decide and practice with extracting the data based on actual data, you could show your effort on it and follow up with your second question.

By the way, I hope the example does not contain real people's names and birthdays that you happen to be trusted with. That would be a 'terrible' thing to post.

Last edited by Aia; 05-20-2017 at 02:22 PM..
 

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