03-23-2017
In some languages (such as Welsh), the two character sequence 'ch' is treated as a single collating element and sorts differently from the two single collating elements (and characters) 'c' and 'h'. I don't understand all of those rules, but when the sound made when pronouncing the characters is as it is when pronouncing "church", the collating element used is 'ch' and when the sound made is more like 'k' (as in "Christ"), the two collating elements 'c' and 'h' are used. If I understand it correctly, in a locale for Welsh, the RE [[.Ch.]] should match the "Ch" in "Church", but should not match the "Ch" in "Christ"; and the RE [[.C.][.h.]] should match the start of "Christ", but should not match the start of "Church".
In addition to the collating element bracket expressions, there are the more common character class bracket expressions like [[:alnum:]] which will match any alphabetic or numeric character. And, the equivalence class expressions (also uncommon in English locales) like [[=e=]] which will match any character in the same equivalence class. For example, in various European language locales, [[=e=]] could match "è", "é", "ë", "ē", "ê", "ĕ", "ě", "ȅ", "ȇ", "ḕ", "ḗ", or "ẻ" in addition to matching "e".
And, of course, there are the matching list and non-matching list bracket expressions like [ch] (which matches a "c" or an "h") and [^ch] (which matches any single character that is not "c" and is not "h").
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