Context for use of [.symbol.] awk notation Post: 302994513

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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Context for use of [.symbol.] awk notation Post 302994513 by Don Cragun on Thursday 23rd of March 2017 05:51:41 PM

03-23-2017

Registered User

In some languages (such as Welsh), the two character sequence 'ch' is treated as a single collating element and sorts differently from the two single collating elements (and characters) 'c' and 'h'. I don't understand all of those rules, but when the sound made when pronouncing the characters is as it is when pronouncing "church", the collating element used is 'ch' and when the sound made is more like 'k' (as in "Christ"), the two collating elements 'c' and 'h' are used. If I understand it correctly, in a locale for Welsh, the RE [[.Ch.]] should match the "Ch" in "Church", but should not match the "Ch" in "Christ"; and the RE [[.C.][.h.]] should match the start of "Christ", but should not match the start of "Church".

In addition to the collating element bracket expressions, there are the more common character class bracket expressions like [[:alnum:]] which will match any alphabetic or numeric character. And, the equivalence class expressions (also uncommon in English locales) like [[=e=]] which will match any character in the same equivalence class. For example, in various European language locales, [[=e=]] could match "�", "�", "�", "ē", "�", "ĕ", "ě", "ȅ", "ȇ", "ḕ", "ḗ", or "ẻ" in addition to matching "e".

And, of course, there are the matching list and non-matching list bracket expressions like [ch] (which matches a "c" or an "h") and [^ch] (which matches any single character that is not "c" and is not "h").

Don Cragun

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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN

igawk

IGAWK(1)							 Utility Commands							  IGAWK(1)

NAME

       igawk - gawk with include files

SYNOPSIS

       igawk [ all gawk options ] -f program-file [ -- ] file ...
       igawk [ all gawk options ] [ -- ] program-text file ...

DESCRIPTION

       Igawk is a simple shell script that adds the ability to have ``include files'' to gawk(1).

       AWK programs for igawk are the same as for gawk, except that, in addition, you may have lines like

	      @include getopt.awk

       in your program to include the file getopt.awk from either the current directory or one of the other directories in the search path.

OPTIONS

       See gawk(1) for a full description of the AWK language and the options that gawk supports.

EXAMPLES

       cat << EOF > test.awk
       @include getopt.awk

       BEGIN {
	    while (getopt(ARGC, ARGV, "am:q") != -1)
		 ...
       }
       EOF

       igawk -f test.awk

SEE ALSO

       gawk(1)

       Effective AWK Programming, Edition 1.0, published by the Free Software Foundation, 1995.

AUTHOR

       Arnold Robbins (arnold@skeeve.com).

Free Software Foundation					    Nov 3 1999								  IGAWK(1)