01-20-2017
Quote:
Originally Posted by
RudiC
Yes, NZ="0$Nr" adds a leading zero. 1 --> 01; 12 --> 012
${NZ#${NZ%??}} uses shell's "parameter expansion: remove prefix / suffix pattern" to chop off leading characters preserving the last two.
${NFN// /-} uses "parameter expansion: pattern substitution" to replace all spaces in a string with dashes. You could try to apply it repeatedly to reduce / remove the multiple space occurrences.
See e.g. man bash for reference of the two builtins.
OK, thanks. I can probably make this work.
Although man-pages is the place where I always get lost you gave me the secret word: "parameter expansion" so now I can Google it instead finding examples!
10 More Discussions You Might Find Interesting
1. Shell Programming and Scripting
i have hundreds of directories that have to be renamed. the directory structure is fairly uniform which makes the scripting a little simpler.
suppose i have many directories like this */*/*/*abc* (in other words i have similar directory names 3 dirs deep that all contain the pattern abc in... (8 Replies)
Discussion started by: quantumechanix
8 Replies
2. Shell Programming and Scripting
I need to split a file based on certain context inside the file. Is there a unix command that can do this? I have looked into split and csplit but it does not seem like those would work because I need to split this file based on certain text. The file has multiple records and I need to split this... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: matrix1067
1 Replies
3. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers
Hi,
I have some ps files where I want to ectract/copy a certain number from and use that number to rename the ps file.
eg:
'file.ps' contains following text:
14 (09 01 932688 0)t
the text can be variable, the only fixed element is the '14 ('. The problem is that the fixed element can appear... (7 Replies)
Discussion started by: JohnDS
7 Replies
4. Shell Programming and Scripting
Evening all. I'm having a terrible time with a script I've been working on for a few days now...
Say I have a text file named top10song.tm2, with the following in it:
kernkraft 400
Imagine
i kissed a girl
Thriller
animals
hallelujah
paint it black
psychosocial
Oi to the world... (14 Replies)
Discussion started by: DJ Charlie
14 Replies
5. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hi,
I'm not very experienced in shell scripting and that's probably why I came across the following problem:
I do have several hundred pairs of text files (PF00x.spl and PF00x.shd) where the first file (PF00x.spl) needs to be renamed according a string that is included in the second file... (12 Replies)
Discussion started by: inCH
12 Replies
6. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers
I have a number of files in directories labeled like this:
/Data/tr_gray/tr_DTI/dti_FA.nii.gz
(the brackets here represent a range of number that the files are labeled with)
I need to rename each dti_FA.nii.gz file according to the name of the folder it resides in. For example, the file ... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: tk0034
3 Replies
7. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hello,
I have a file ff.txt that looks as follows
*ABNA.txt
356
24
36
112
*AC24.txt
457
458
321
2
ABNA.txt and AC24.txt are the files in the folder named foo1. Based on the numbers in the ff.txt file, I want to extract the lines from the corresponding files in the foo1 folder and... (2 Replies)
Discussion started by: mohamad
2 Replies
8. Shell Programming and Scripting
I have files in the ABC_YYYYMMDD.zip format under a directory. Each zip file contains A text file in the ABC_YYYYMMDD.txt format.
I am trying to create a script that will Rename the zip files and their underlying text file replacing the datepart in them with .
For eg: in the case of... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: bash987
1 Replies
9. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers
Hi,
I have a directory with a lot of files like this:
a.bam
b.bam
c.bam
I like to rename these files based on a list where the name of the files in the first column will be replasced by the names in the second column. Here is my list which is a tab-delimited text file:
a x
b y
c ... (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: a_bahreini
4 Replies
10. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hello, I have a text file "file.list" with the contents below.
file1
filename1
file2
filename2
file3
filename3
file1, file2 and file3 are files existing in the same directory as the text file file.list.
I want to rename file1 to filename1, file2 to filename2, as show in the text... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: james2009
1 Replies
LEARN ABOUT LINUX
wordexp
WORDEXP(3) Linux Programmer's Manual WORDEXP(3)
NAME
wordexp, wordfree - perform word expansion like a posix-shell
SYNOPSIS
#include <wordexp.h>
int wordexp(const char *s, wordexp_t *p, int flags);
void wordfree(wordexp_t *p);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
wordexp(), wordfree(): _XOPEN_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
The function wordexp() performs a shell-like expansion of the string s and returns the result in the structure pointed to by p. The data
type wordexp_t is a structure that at least has the fields we_wordc, we_wordv, and we_offs. The field we_wordc is a size_t that gives the
number of words in the expansion of s. The field we_wordv is a char ** that points to the array of words found. The field we_offs of type
size_t is sometimes (depending on flags, see below) used to indicate the number of initial elements in the we_wordv array that should be
filled with NULLs.
The function wordfree() frees the allocated memory again. More precisely, it does not free its argument, but it frees the array we_wordv
and the strings that points to.
The string argument
Since the expansion is the same as the expansion by the shell (see sh(1)) of the parameters to a command, the string s must not contain
characters that would be illegal in shell command parameters. In particular, there must not be any unescaped newline or |, &, ;, <, >, (,
), {, } characters outside a command substitution or parameter substitution context.
If the argument s contains a word that starts with an unquoted comment character #, then it is unspecified whether that word and all fol-
lowing words are ignored, or the # is treated as a non-comment character.
The expansion
The expansion done consists of the following stages: tilde expansion (replacing ~user by user's home directory), variable substitution
(replacing $FOO by the value of the environment variable FOO), command substitution (replacing $(command) or `command` by the output of
command), arithmetic expansion, field splitting, wildcard expansion, quote removal.
The result of expansion of special parameters ($@, $*, $#, $?, $-, $$, $!, $0) is unspecified.
Field splitting is done using the environment variable $IFS. If it is not set, the field separators are space, tab and newline.
The output array
The array we_wordv contains the words found, followed by a NULL.
The flags argument
The flag argument is a bitwise inclusive OR of the following values:
WRDE_APPEND
Append the words found to the array resulting from a previous call.
WRDE_DOOFFS
Insert we_offs initial NULLs in the array we_wordv. (These are not counted in the returned we_wordc.)
WRDE_NOCMD
Don't do command substitution.
WRDE_REUSE
The argument p resulted from a previous call to wordexp(), and wordfree() was not called. Reuse the allocated storage.
WRDE_SHOWERR
Normally during command substitution stderr is redirected to /dev/null. This flag specifies that stderr is not to be redirected.
WRDE_UNDEF
Consider it an error if an undefined shell variable is expanded.
RETURN VALUE
In case of success 0 is returned. In case of error one of the following five values is returned.
WRDE_BADCHAR
Illegal occurrence of newline or one of |, &, ;, <, >, (, ), {, }.
WRDE_BADVAL
An undefined shell variable was referenced, and the WRDE_UNDEF flag told us to consider this an error.
WRDE_CMDSUB
Command substitution occurred, and the WRDE_NOCMD flag told us to consider this an error.
WRDE_NOSPACE
Out of memory.
WRDE_SYNTAX
Shell syntax error, such as unbalanced parentheses or unmatched quotes.
VERSIONS
wordexp() and wordfree() are provided in glibc since version 2.1.
CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001.
EXAMPLE
The output of the following example program is approximately that of "ls [a-c]*.c".
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wordexp.h>
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
wordexp_t p;
char **w;
int i;
wordexp("[a-c]*.c", &p, 0);
w = p.we_wordv;
for (i = 0; i < p.we_wordc; i++)
printf("%s
", w[i]);
wordfree(&p);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
SEE ALSO
fnmatch(3), glob(3)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.27 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
2008-07-14 WORDEXP(3)