10-24-2016
Increase disk size on OS side on the fly
Hi,
I'm Linux administrator who happens to 'administer' SCO Unix 5.0.7, which is virtual server on VMware - deployed from official ovf image.
My problem is that root filesystem is almost out of disk space, and we've decided to do it as we do on every other virtual servers and extend disk on vmware level, then extend it on OS level.
However, it seems not to be that easy as I first thought it would be. When used 'divvy' utility it doesn't seem to have any free blocks that could be allocated, so I thought that there might be something else that has to be done beforehand to let the system know that something changed in disk setup. I've also tried 'mkdev hd' and recreate kernel, but after that server was unbootable, perhaps because it erased everything that was there.
Could anyone here help me to achieve disk extension on that system?
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
zerofree
ZEROFREE(8) System Manager's Manual ZEROFREE(8)
NAME
zerofree -- zero free blocks from ext2, ext3 and ext4 file-systems
SYNOPSIS
zerofree [-n] [-v] [-f fillval] filesystem
DESCRIPTION
zerofree finds the unallocated, blocks with non-zero value content in an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem (e.g. /dev/hda1) and fills them with
zeroes (or another octet of your choice).
Filling unused areas with zeroes is useful if the device on which this file-system resides is a disk image. In this case, depending on the
type of disk image, a secondary utility may be able to reduce the size of the disk image after zerofree has been run.
Filling unused areas may also be useful with solid-state drives (SSDs). On some SSDs, filling blocks with ones (0xFF) is reported to trig-
ger Flash block erasure by the firmware, possibly giving a write performance increase.
The usual way to achieve the same result (zeroing the unallocated blocks) is to run dd (1) to create a file full of zeroes that takes up
the entire free space on the drive, and then delete this file. This has many disadvantages, which zerofree alleviates:
o it is slow;
o it makes the disk image (temporarily) grow to its maximal extent;
o it (temporarily) uses all free space on the disk, so other concurrent write actions may fail.
filesystem has to be unmounted or mounted read-only for zerofree to work. It will exit with an error message if the filesystem is mounted
writable. To remount the root file-system readonly, you can first switch to single user runlevel (telinit 1) then use mount -o remount,ro
filesystem.
zerofree has been written to be run from GNU/Linux systems installed as guest OSes inside a virtual machine. In this case, it is typically
run from within the guest system, and a utility is then run from the host system to shrink disk image (VBoxManage modifyhd --compact, pro-
vided with virtualbox, is able to do that for some disk image formats).
It may however be useful in other situations: for instance it can be used to make it more difficult to retrieve deleted data. Beware that
securely deleting sensitive data is not in general an easy task and usually requires writing several times on the deleted blocks.
OPTIONS
-n Perform a dry run (do not modify the file-system);
-v Be verbose;
-f value Specify the octet value to fill empty blocks with (defaults to 0). Argument must be within the range 0 to 255.
SEE ALSO
dd (1).
AUTHOR
This manual page was written by Thibaut Paumard <paumard@users.sourceforge.net> for the Debian system (but may be used by others). Permis-
sion is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Version 2 or any later
version published by the Free Software Foundation.
On Debian systems, the complete text of the GNU General Public License can be found in /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-2.
ZEROFREE(8)