Creating a simple ID Script Post: 302984259

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Top Forums UNIX for Beginners Questions & Answers Creating a simple ID Script Post 302984259 by bakunin on Sunday 23rd of October 2016 03:35:35 PM

10-23-2016

Registered User

Quote:

Originally Posted by kkishore4580

Would I use the same functions in Linux/Ubuntu as I would in Python?

"Linux" (or "Unix", for that matter) is not a programming environment. Unixes (this includes Linux) use certain "shells" (commando processors, if you are proficient with Windoze: think of something similar in function to CMD.EXE, but with the capabilities of PowerShell included from the start).

Most of the shells (and all of the common ones) are not only built for interactive use but also have built-in languages which you can use to write programs ("scripts"). The syntax of these languages are quite similar, but not the same.

Today the overwhelming majority of scripting is done in one of two shells: bash (Bourne Again SHell) and ksh (Korn Shell). Both these languages are based on an older shell (the Bourne shell) and downwards compatible to it, so scripts written in strict Bourne shell code will run in both these shells and produce the same results. There is a newer standard to scripting, POSIX shell, which is based mostly on the Korn shell and both, bash and ksh are able to understand that standard. Both offer (different) features though, which are not part of this standard.

Linux distributions (not Ubuntu) usually come equipped with bash as the default shell, but can easily be changed to use the Korn shell, which is freely available today. Of the commercial Unixes some come with ksh (Solaris, AIX, if i remember correctly HP-Ux), some with Bourne shell (SCO, IRIX, and maybe - i can't remember - Tru64) but can utilize bash (which is also freely available) too.

Understand, that the shell language usually only covers the languages structure: you use system commands like you would use library functions in a high-level language. If you use everything your system offers it is likely that the next (different) system might not understand everything, like if you use the specialities of a certain compiler you may have to change your code if you switch to another compiler. This is why seasoned script programmers stay with the commands and options described in POSIX almost religiously, because this way they are guaranteed that their script runs on other platforms the same way it does so on theirs.

I hope this helps.

bakunin

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script

SCRIPT(1)						    BSD General Commands Manual 						 SCRIPT(1)

NAME

     script -- make typescript of terminal session

SYNOPSIS

     script [-a] [-f] [-q] [-t] [file]

DESCRIPTION

     Script makes a typescript of everything printed on your terminal.	It is useful for students who need a hardcopy record of an interactive
     session as proof of an assignment, as the typescript file can be printed out later with lpr(1).

     If the argument file is given, script saves all dialogue in file.	If no file name is given, the typescript is saved in the file typescript.

     Options:

     -a      Append the output to file or typescript, retaining the prior contents.

     -f      Flush output after each write. This is nice for telecooperation: One person does `mkfifo foo; script -f foo' and another can super-
	     vise real-time what is being done using `cat foo'.

     -q      Be quiet.

     -t      Output timeing data to standard error. This data contains two fields, separated by a space. The first field indicates how much time
	     elapsed since the previous output. The second field indicates how many characters were output this time. This information can be used
	     to replay typescripts with realistic typing and output delays.

     The script ends when the forked shell exits (a control-D to exit the Bourne shell (sh(1)), and exit, logout or control-d (if ignoreeof is not
     set) for the C-shell, csh(1)).

     Certain interactive commands, such as vi(1), create garbage in the typescript file.  Script works best with commands that do not manipulate
     the screen, the results are meant to emulate a hardcopy terminal.

ENVIRONMENT

     The following environment variable is utilized by script:

     SHELL  If the variable SHELL exists, the shell forked by script will be that shell. If SHELL is not set, the Bourne shell is assumed. (Most
	    shells set this variable automatically).

SEE ALSO

     csh(1) (for the history mechanism), replay(1).

HISTORY

     The script command appeared in 3.0BSD.

BUGS

     Script places everything in the log file, including linefeeds and backspaces.  This is not what the naive user expects.

Linux								   July 30, 2000							     Linux