as(1)																	     as(1)

NAME

       as - assembler

SYNOPSIS

   SPARC
       as  [-b] [-i] [ -K  {pic,PIC}] [-L] [-m] [-n] [-o outfile] [-P] [-Dname] [-Dname=def] [-Ipath] [-Uname...] [-q] [-Qy | n]  [-s] [ -S [a | b
       | c | l | A | B | C | L] ] [-T] [-V] [-xarch=v7	|  -xarch=v8  |  -xarch=v8a   |  -xarch=v8plus	 |  -xarch=v8plusa   |	-xarch=v8plusb	 |
       -xarch=v9  | -xarch=v9a	| -xarch=v9b ]	[-xF] [-Y dirname] filename...

       as [-b] [-i] [ -K  PIC] [-L] [-m] [-n] [-o outfile] [-P] [-Dname] [-Dname=def] [-Ipath] [-Uname...] [-Qy | n]  [-s] [ -S [a | b | c | l | A
       | B | C | L] ] [-T] [-V] [ -xarch=generic64 | -xarch=amd64] [-Y dirname] [-xmodel= [ SMALL | KERNEL ]] filename...

       The as command creates object files from assembly language source files.

   Common Options
       The following flags are common to both SPARC and . They may be specified in any order:

       -b

	   Generates extra symbol table information.

       -i

	   Ignore line number information from preprocessor.

       -K pic | PIC

	   Generates position-independent code.

       -L

	   Saves all symbols, including temporary labels that are normally discarded to save space, in the ELF symbol table.

       -m

	   Runs the m4(1) macro processor on the input to the assembler.

       -n

	   Suppresses all the warnings while assembling.

       -o outfile

	   Puts the output of the assembly in outfile. By default, the output file name is formed by removing the .s suffix, if there is one, from
	   the input file name and appending a .o suffix.

       -P

	   Runs cpp(1), the C preprocessor, on the files being assembled. The preprocessor is run separately on each input file, not on their con-
	   catenation. The preprocessor output is passed to the assembler.

       -Dname
       -Dname=def

	   When the -P option is in effect, these options are passed to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpretation by the as  command;  other-
	   wise, they are ignored.

       -Ipath

	   When  the -P option is in effect, this option is passed to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpretation by the as command; otherwise,
	   it is ignored.

       -Uname

	   When the -P option is in effect, this option is passed to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpretation by the as command;	otherwise,
	   it is ignored.

       -Qy | n

	   If  y  is specified, this option produces the "assembler version" information in the comment section of the output object file. If n is
	   specified, the information is suppressed.

       -s

	   Places all stabs in the .stabs section. By default, stabs are placed in stabs.excl sections, which  are  stripped  out  by  the  static
	   linker,  ld(1), during final execution. When the -s option is used, stabs remain in the final executable because .stab sections are not
	   stripped by the static linker.

       -S[a|b|c|l|A|B|C|L]

	   Produces a disassembly of the emitted code to the standard output. Adding each of the following characters to the -S option produces:

	   a	    disassembling with address

	   b	    disassembling with ".bof"

	   c	    disassembling with comments

	   l	    disassembling with line numbers

	   Capital letters turn the switch off for the corresponding option.

       -T

	   This is a migration option for 4.x assembly files to be assembled on 5.x systems. With this option, the symbol names  in  4.x  assembly
	   files will be interpreted as 5.x symbol names.

       -V

	   Writes the version number of the assembler being run on the standard error output.

       -xF

	   Allows  function reordering by the Performance Analyzer. If you compile with the -xF option, and then run the Performance Analyzer, you
	   can generate a map file that shows an optimized order for the functions. The subsequent link  to  build  the  executable  file  can	be
	   directed  to  use that map file by using the linker -M mapfile option. It places each function from the executable file into a separate
	   section.

       -Y dirname

	   Specify directory m4 and/or cm4def.

   Options for SPARC only
       -q

	   Performs a quick assembly. When the -q option is used, many error checks are not performed.	Note:  This  option  disables  many  error
	   checks. Use of this option to assemble handwritten assembly language is not recommended.

       -xarch=v7

	   This  option instructs the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC version 7 (V7) architecture. The resulting object code
	   is in ELF format.

       -xarch=v8

	   This option instructs the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V8 architecture, less the quad-precision floating-point
	   instructions. The resulting object code is in ELF format.

       -xarch=v8a

	   This option instructs the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V8 architecture, less the quad-precision floating-point
	   instructions and less the fsmuld instruction. The resulting object  code  is  in  ELF  format.  This  is  the  default  choice  of  the
	   -xarch=options.

       -xarch=v8plus

	   This option instructs the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, less the quad-precision floating-point
	   instructions. The resulting object code is in ELF format. It will not execute on a Solaris V8 system (a machine with a  V8  processor).
	   It will execute on a Solaris V8+ system. This combination is a SPARC 64-bit processor and a 32-bit OS.

       -xarch=v8plusa

	   This option instructs the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, less the quad-precision floating-point
	   instructions, plus the instructions in the Visual Instruction Set (VIS). The resulting object code is in V8+ ELF format.  It  will  not
	   execute on a Solaris V8 system (a machine with a V8 processor). It will execute on a Solaris V8+ system

       -xarch=v8plusb

	   This  option  enables  the  assembler  to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, plus the instructions in the Visual
	   Instruction Set (VIS), with UltraSPARC-III extensions. The resulting object code is in V8+ ELF32 format.  It executes only on an Ultra-
	   SPARC-III processor.

       -xarch=v9

	   This  option  limits  the  instruction set to the SPARC-V9 architecture. The resulting .o object files are in 64-bit ELF format and can
	   only be linked with other object files in the same format. The resulting executable can only be run on a 64-bit SPARC processor running
	   64-bit Solaris with the 64-bit kernel.

       -xarch=v9a

	   This option limits the instruction set to the SPARC-V9 architecture, adding the Visual Instruction Set (VIS) and extensions specific to
	   UltraSPARC processors. The resulting .o object files are in 64-bit ELF format and can only be linked with other  object  files  in  the
	   same format. The resulting executable can only be run on a 64-bit SPARC processor running 64-bit Solaris with the 64-bit kernel.

       -xarch=v9b

	   This  option  enables the assembler to accept instructions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, plus the Visual Instruction Set (VIS),
	   with UltraSPARC-III extensions. The resulting .o object files are in ELF64 format and can only be linked with other V9 object files	in
	   the	same  format.  The  resulting executable can only be run on a 64-bit UltraSPARC-III pro cessor running	a 64-bit Solaris operating
	   environment with the 64-bit kernel.

   Options for	Only
       --xarch=generic64

	   Limits the instruction set to AMD64. The resulting object code is in 64-bit ELF format.

       --xarch=amd64

	   Limits the instruction set to AMD64. The resulting object code is in 64-bit ELF format.

       -xmodel=[SMALL | KERNEL]

	   For AMD64 only, generate R_X86_64_32S relocatable type for static data access  under  KERNEL.  Otherwise,  generate	R_X86_64_32  under
	   SMALL. SMALL is the default.

       The following operand is supported:

       filename        Assembly language source file

       TMPDIR	       The  as	command  normally creates temporary files in the directory /tmp. Another directory may be specified by setting the
		       environment variable TMPDIR to the chosen directory.  (If TMPDIR is not a valid directory, then as will use /tmp).

       By default, as creates its temporary files in /tmp.

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     |	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
       |Availability		     |SUNWsprot 		   |
       +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+

       cc(1B), cpp(1),ld(1), m4(1), nm(1), strip(1), tmpnam(3C), a.out(4), attributes(5)

       dbx and analyzer manual pages available with Sun Studio documentation.

       If the -m option, which invokes the m4(1) macro processor, is used, keywords for m4  cannot  be	used  as  symbols  (variables,	functions,
       labels) in the input file, since m4 cannot determine which keywords are assembler symbols and which keywords are real m4 macros.

       Whenever possible, access the assembler through a compilation system interface program such as cc(1B).

       All undefined symbols are treated as global.

								    16 Sep 2005 							     as(1)