06-01-2016
What's your definition of an "octet"?
If its an 8-bit-byte: again, forget the octet. As you can see in your request, subnets can be defined by the bit like your teachers do with /18 and /22. Then, within the subnet definition, the network part is just counted up one by one to skim through the subnets.
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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
ipsec_sameaddrtype
IPSEC_SAMEADDR(3) Library Functions Manual IPSEC_SAMEADDR(3)
NAME
ipsec_sameaddr, ipsec_addrcmp, ipsec_samesubnet, ipsec_addrinsubnet, ipsec_subnetinsubnet, ipsec_subnetishost, ipsec_samesaid,
ipsec_sameaddrtype, ipsec_samesubnettype - do comparisons for addresses, subnets, SA IDs and address families
SYNOPSIS
#include <libreswan.h>
int sameaddr(const ip_address *a, const ip_address *b);
int addrcmp(const ip_address *a, const ip_address *b);
int samesubnet(const ip_subnet *a, const ip_subnet *b);
int addrinsubnet(const ip_address *a, const ip_subnet *s);
int subnetinsubnet(const ip_subnet *a, const ip_subnet *b);
int subnetishost(const ip_subnet *s);
int samesaid(const ip_said *a, const ip_said *b);
int sameaddrtype(const ip_address *a, const ip_address *b);
int samesubnettype(const ip_subnet *a, const ip_subnet *b);
DESCRIPTION
These functions do various comparisons and tests on the ip_address type and ip_subnet types.
Sameaddr returns non-zero if addresses a and b are identical, and 0 otherwise. Addresses of different families are never identical.
Addrcmp returns -1, 0, or 1 respectively if address a is less than, equal to, or greater than b. If they are not of the same address fam-
ily, they are never equal; the ordering reported in this case is arbitrary (and probably not useful) but consistent.
Samesubnet returns non-zero if subnets a and b are identical, and 0 otherwise. Subnets of different address families are never identical.
Addrinsubnet returns non-zero if address a is within subnet s and 0 otherwise. An address is never within a subnet of a different address
family.
Subnetinsubnet returns non-zero if subnet a is a subset of subnet b and 0 otherwise. A subnet is deemed to be a subset of itself. A sub-
net is never a subset of another subnet if their address families differ.
Subnetishost returns non-zero if subnet s is in fact only a single host, and 0 otherwise.
Samesaid returns non-zero if SA IDs a and b are identical, and 0 otherwise.
Sameaddrtype returns non-zero if addresses a and b are of the same address family, and 0 otherwise.
Samesubnettype returns non-zero if subnets a and b are of the same address family, and 0 otherwise.
SEE ALSO
inet(3), ipsec_initaddr(3)
HISTORY
Written for the FreeS/WAN project by Henry Spencer.
28 Nov 2000 IPSEC_SAMEADDR(3)