08-25-2015
New to Unix
I'm new on the site and do not write very well in English, I am now using osx platform and was attracted to her. For several searches on random websites for Unix content yours was the best and most interesting, I registered and already visualized some very interesting content. But I wonder where should begin to start in the world of UNIX? What content should focus on?You could give me a way?
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DBM(3X) DBM(3X)
NAME
dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey - data base subroutines
SYNOPSIS
typedef struct { char *dptr; int dsize; } datum;
dbminit(file)
char *file;
datum fetch(key)
datum key;
store(key, content)
datum key, content;
delete(key)
datum key;
datum firstkey();
datum nextkey(key);
datum key;
DESCRIPTION
These functions maintain key/content pairs in a data base. The functions will handle very large (a billion blocks) databases and will
access a keyed item in one or two filesystem accesses. The functions are obtained with the loader option -ldbm.
Keys and contents are described by the datum typedef. A datum specifies a string of dsize bytes pointed to by dptr. Arbitrary binary
data, as well as normal ASCII strings, are allowed. The data base is stored in two files. One file is a directory containing a bit map
and has `.dir' as its suffix. The second file contains all data and has `.pag' as its suffix.
Before a database can be accessed, it must be opened by dbminit. At the time of this call, the files file.dir and file.pag must exist.
(An empty database is created by creating zero-length `.dir' and `.pag' files.)
Once open, the data stored under a key is accessed by fetch and data is placed under a key by store. A key (and its associated contents)
is deleted by delete. A linear pass through all keys in a database may be made, in an (apparently) random order, by use of firstkey and
nextkey. Firstkey will return the first key in the database. With any key nextkey will return the next key in the database. This code
will traverse the data base:
for(key=firstkey(); key.dptr!=NULL; key=nextkey(key))
DIAGNOSTICS
All functions that return an int indicate errors with negative values. A zero return indicates ok. Routines that return a datum indicate
errors with a null(0) dptr.
BUGS
The `.pag' file will contain holes so that its apparent size is about four times its actual content. Older UNIX systems may create real
file blocks for these holes when touched. These files cannot be copied by normal means (cp, cat, tp, tar, ar) without filling in the
holes.
Dptr pointers returned by these subroutines point into static storage that is changed by subsequent calls.
The sum of the sizes of a key/content pair must not exceed the internal block size (currently 512 bytes). Moreover all key/content pairs
that hash together must fit on a single block. Store will return an error in the event that a disk block fills with inseparable data.
Delete does not physically reclaim file space, although it does make it available for reuse.
The order of keys presented by firstkey and nextkey depends on a hashing function, not on anything interesting.
DBM(3X)