REVOKE(7)							   SQL Commands 							 REVOKE(7)

NAME

       REVOKE - remove access privileges

SYNOPSIS

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
	   [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column [, ...] )
	   [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column [, ...] ) }
	   ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
	   [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON FOREIGN SERVER servername [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
	   { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
	   ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
	   FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
	   role [, ...] FROM rolename [, ...]
	   [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

DESCRIPTION

       The REVOKE command revokes previously granted privileges from one or more roles. The key word PUBLIC refers to the implicitly defined group
       of all roles.

       See the description of the GRANT [grant(7)] command for the meaning of the privilege types.

       Note that any particular role will have the sum of privileges granted directly to it, privileges granted to any role it is presently a mem-
       ber of, and privileges granted to PUBLIC. Thus, for example, revoking SELECT privilege from PUBLIC does not necessarily mean that all roles
       have lost SELECT privilege on the object: those who have it granted directly or via another role will still have  it.  Similarly,  revoking
       SELECT from a user might not prevent that user from using SELECT if PUBLIC or another membership role still has SELECT rights.

       If GRANT OPTION FOR is specified, only the grant option for the privilege is revoked, not the privilege itself.	Otherwise, both the privi-
       lege and the grant option are revoked.

       If a user holds a privilege with grant option and has granted it to other users then the privileges held by those other	users  are  called
       dependent  privileges.  If  the privilege or the grant option held by the first user is being revoked and dependent privileges exist, those
       dependent privileges are also revoked if CASCADE is specified; if it is not, the revoke action will fail. This  recursive  revocation  only
       affects	privileges  that  were	granted through a chain of users that is traceable to the user that is the subject of this REVOKE command.
       Thus, the affected users might effectively keep the privilege if it was also granted through other users.

       When revoking privileges on a table, the corresponding column privileges (if any) are automatically revoked on each column of the table, as
       well.

       When  revoking membership in a role, GRANT OPTION is instead called ADMIN OPTION, but the behavior is similar.  Note also that this form of
       the command does not allow the noise word GROUP.

NOTES

       Use psql(1)'s dp command to display the privileges granted on existing tables and columns. See GRANT [grant(7)] for information about  the
       format. For non-table objects there are other d commands that can display their privileges.

       A  user	can  only  revoke  privileges  that were granted directly by that user. If, for example, user A has granted a privilege with grant
       option to user B, and user B has in turned granted it to user C, then user A cannot revoke the privilege directly from C.  Instead, user  A
       could  revoke  the  grant  option  from user B and use the CASCADE option so that the privilege is in turn revoked from user C. For another
       example, if both A and B have granted the same privilege to C, A can revoke his own grant but not B's grant, so C  will	still  effectively
       have the privilege.

       When  a	non-owner  of  an object attempts to REVOKE privileges on the object, the command will fail outright if the user has no privileges
       whatsoever on the object. As long as some privilege is available, the command will proceed, but it will revoke only  those  privileges  for
       which  the  user  has  grant  options. The REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES forms will issue a warning message if no grant options are held, while the
       other forms will issue a warning if grant options for any of the privileges specifically named in the command are not held.  (In  principle
       these statements apply to the object owner as well, but since the owner is always treated as holding all grant options, the cases can never
       occur.)

       If a superuser chooses to issue a GRANT or REVOKE command, the command is performed as though it were issued by the owner of  the  affected
       object.	Since all privileges ultimately come from the object owner (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options), it is possible for a
       superuser to revoke all privileges, but this might require use of CASCADE as stated above.

       REVOKE can also be done by a role that is not the owner of the affected object, but is a member of the role that owns the object, or  is  a
       member  of  a role that holds privileges WITH GRANT OPTION on the object. In this case the command is performed as though it were issued by
       the containing role that actually owns the object or holds the privileges WITH GRANT OPTION. For example, if table t1 is owned by role  g1,
       of which role u1 is a member, then u1 can revoke privileges on t1 that are recorded as being granted by g1.  This would include grants made
       by u1 as well as by other members of role g1.

       If the role executing REVOKE holds privileges indirectly via more than one role membership path, it is unspecified  which  containing  role
       will  be  used  to  perform  the  command. In such cases it is best practice to use SET ROLE to become the specific role you want to do the
       REVOKE as. Failure to do so might lead to revoking privileges other than the ones you intended, or not revoking anything at all.

EXAMPLES

       Revoke insert privilege for the public on table films:

       REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;

       Revoke all privileges from user manuel on view kinds:

       REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;

       Note that this actually means ``revoke all privileges that I granted''.

       Revoke membership in role admins from user joe:

       REVOKE admins FROM joe;

COMPATIBILITY

       The compatibility notes of the GRANT [grant(7)] command apply analogously to REVOKE.  The keyword RESTRICT or CASCADE is required according
       to the standard, but PostgreSQL assumes RESTRICT by default.

SEE ALSO

       GRANT [grant(7)]

SQL - Language Statements					    2010-05-14								 REVOKE(7)