Please be aware that your data are not a linear function of time; on top of some noise it has a small curvature, and the six data points right after the gap are somewhat lower than they should be (there's a jump in values but not in time delta at point 7).
This is a quick and dirty approximation to exactly your problem and data; no error checking etc. is done. It's sort of a linear interpolation between the given boundaries although we know the boundary to the right is questionable. On top, my mawk has a problem with the D1 > D0 comparison, sometimes the delta is -1E-16, sometimes it's +71E-16, so a few extra lines are being "interpolated". I don't have a good solution at hand; either increase the to be compared value slightly (yuck!) or use sort -u on the result (yuck!)...
However, try

Code:

awk     'NR==1  {L1=$1; L2=$2; D0=0.05}
                {D1=$1-L1; D2=$2-L2
                 if (D1 > D0)   { n=D1/D0                   # D1 sometimes is sliiightly larger than D0
                                 ST=D2/n
                                 for (i=1; i<=int(n); i++) printf "%7.5f   %6.4f <---\n", L1+D0*i, L2+ST*i}
                 L1=$1; L2=$2
                 print $0}
        ' file