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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Confusion over Multi Threading Post 302930774 by jim mcnamara on Wednesday 7th of January 2015 09:10:52 AM
Old 01-07-2015
Threading can be implemented either in hardware or in software. It is an aspect of multiprocessing - which Windows, and Unix, and Linux all have. How they implement threads varies somewhat but a Windows threads program written in C (not C#) can be converted to either Linux or UNIX with some work. Usually.

One way to look at a thread is to see it as a lightweight process. It operates independently of the parent process for scheduling. It may share resources like common memory with the parent or any related thread in the "process tree" that is created by one parent making several threads. The OS can have kernel threads, which is what symmetric multiprocessing is all about (multiple cpu cores).

This kind of question transcends the usual kind of response on a forum . You need to read.
'Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment' by Stevens and Rago. Read the chapters on process and threads. Come back with more specific questions.
 

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pthread_attr_getscope(3)				     Library Functions Manual					  pthread_attr_getscope(3)

NAME
pthread_attr_getscope - Obtains the contention scope attribute of the specified thread attributes object. LIBRARY
DECthreads POSIX 1003.1c Library (libpthread.so) SYNOPSIS
#include <pthread.h> int pthread_attr_getscope( const pthread_attr_t *attr, int *scope); STANDARDS
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows: IEEE Std 1003.1c-1995, POSIX System Application Program Interface PARAMETERS
Address of the thread attributes object whose contention scope attribute is obtained. Receives the value of the contention scope attribute of the thread attributes object specified by attr. DESCRIPTION
This routine obtains the value of the contention scope attribute of the thread attributes object specified in the attr argument and stores it in the location specified by the scope argument. The specified attributes object must already be initialized at the time this routine is called. The contention scope attribute specifies the set of threads with which a thread must compete for processing resources. The contention scope attribute specifies whether the new thread competes for processing resources only with other threads in its own process, called process contention scope, or with all threads on the system, called system contention scope. DECthreads selects at most one thread to execute on each processor at any point in time. DECthreads resolves the contention based on each thread's scheduling attributes (for example, priority) and scheduling policy (for example, round-robin). A thread created using a thread attributes object whose contention scope attribute is set to PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS contends for processing resources with other threads within its own process that also were created with PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS. It is unspecified how such threads are scheduled relative to threads in other processes or threads in the same process that were created with PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM contention scope. A thread created using a thread attributes object whose contention scope attribute is set to PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM contends for processing resources with other threads in any process that also were created with PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM. NOTES
The value of the contention scope attribute of a particular thread attributes object does not necessarily correspond to the actual schedul- ing contention scope of any existing thread in your multithreaded program. RETURN VALUES
If an error condition occurs, this routine returns an integer value indicating the type of error. Possible return values are as follows: Successful completion. The value specified by attr is not a valid thread attributes object. This routine is not supported by the imple- mentation. ERRORS
None RELATED INFORMATION
Functions: pthread_attr_init(3), pthread_attr_setscope(3) Manuals: Guide to DECthreads and Programmer's Guide delim off pthread_attr_getscope(3)
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