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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Display calendar in correct format using shell script Post 302918140 by Don Cragun on Monday 22nd of September 2014 05:11:10 AM
Old 09-22-2014
Is this a homework assignment?

If you don't know what $(cal) does, why did you use it in your script?

If you use echo $(cal) with command substitution and no quotes, all of the sequences of whitespace characters will be converted by the shell into single spaces before being passed to echo. The text between single quotes will be treated by the shell unchanged as a single operand. The text between double quotes will be treated by the shell as a single operand after performing variable expansions, arithmetic expansions, and command substitutions. Compare the results from the following commands:
Code:
printf '%s\n' $PWD $(cal)
printf '%s\n' "$PWD" "$(cal)"
printf '%s\n' '$PWD' '$(cal)'

 

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cal(1)							      General Commands Manual							    cal(1)

NAME
cal - Displays a calendar SYNOPSIS
cal [month [year]] STANDARDS
Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows: cal: XCU5.0 Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about industry standards and associated tags. OPTIONS
None OPERANDS
Names the month for which you want the calendar. It can be a number between 1 and 12 for January through December, respectively. If month is not specified, cal displays a calendar for the entire year, unless year is also omitted. Names the year for which you want the calen- dar. Because cal can display a calendar for any year from 1 to 9999, enter the full year rather than just the last two digits. If year is not specified, cal uses the current year. If no operands are specified, cal displays a calendar for the current month. DESCRIPTION
The cal command writes to standard output a Gregorian calendar for the specified year or month. For historical reasons, the cal command's Gregorian calendar is discontinuous. The display for September 1752 (cal 9 1752) jumps from Wednesday the 2nd to Thursday the 14th. The cal command checks the LC_TIME environment variable and uses the correct headers for the current locale. If LC_TIME is not set, cal checks the value of LANG. If neither variable is set, you receive English headers. EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned: Successful completion. An error occurred. EXAMPLES
To display a calendar for February 1990, enter: cal 2 1990 To display a calendar for the year 84 A.D., enter: cal 84 To display a calendar for the current month, enter: cal ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of *cmd*: Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the internationalization vari- ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined. If set to a non-empty string value, overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments). Determines the locale for the for- mat and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. Determines the format and contents of the calendar. Determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES. Determines the time zone used to calculate the value of the current month. SEE ALSO
Commands: date(1) Files: locale(4) Standards: standards(5) Command and Shell User's Guide cal(1)
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