05-12-2014
Great explanation, thanks! Also from how I had it explained to me... when a new CA emerges, they sort of 'earn their spurs' by having other CA's sign their certs.
Is openssl and NSS the main to preferred methods to open an SSL connection?
Lastly, I know revocation checking is done with either a CRL check or the OCSP protocol, are these built into openssl or nss?
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
dirmngr-client
DIRMNGR-CLIENT(1) GNU Privacy Guard DIRMNGR-CLIENT(1)
NAME
dirmngr-client - CRL and OCSP daemon
SYNOPSIS
dirmngr-client [options] [certfile|pattern]
DESCRIPTION
The dirmngr-client is a simple tool to contact a running dirmngr and test whether a certificate has been revoked --- either by being listed
in the corresponding CRL or by running the OCSP protocol. If no dirmngr is running, a new instances will be started but this is in general
not a good idea due to the huge performance overhead.
The usual way to run this tool is either:
dirmngr-client acert
or
dirmngr-client <acert
Where acert is one DER encoded (binary) X.509 certificates to be tested.
RETURN VALUE
dirmngr-client returns these values:
0 The certificate under question is valid; i.e. there is a valid CRL available and it is not listed tehre or teh OCSP request returned
that that certificate is valid.
1 The certificate has been revoked
2 (and other values)
There was a problem checking the revocation state of the certificate. A message to stderr has given more detailed information.
Most likely this is due to a missing or expired CRL or due to a network problem.
OPTIONS
dirmngr-client may be called with the following options:
--version
Print the program version and licensing information. Note that you cannot abbreviate this command.
--help, -h
Print a usage message summarizing the most useful command-line options. Note that you cannot abbreviate this command.
--quiet, -q
Make the output extra brief by suppressing any informational messages.
-v
--verbose
Outputs additional information while running. You can increase the verbosity by giving several verbose commands to dirmngr, such as
'-vv'.
--pem Assume that the given certificate is in PEM (armored) format.
--ocsp Do the check using the OCSP protocol and ignore any CRLs.
--force-default-responder
When checking using the OCSP protocl, force the use of the default OCSP responder. That is not to use the Reponder as given by the
certificate.
--ping Check whether the dirmngr daemon is up and running.
--cache-cert
Put the given certificate into the cache of a running dirmngr. This is mainly useful for debugging.
--validate
Validate the given certificate using dirmngr's internal validation code. This is mainly useful for debugging.
--load-crl
This command expects a list of filenames with DER encoded CRL files. With the option --url URLs are expected in place of filenames
and they are loaded directly from the given location. All CRLs will be validated and then loaded into dirmngr's cache.
--lookup
Take the remaining arguments and run a lookup command on each of them. The results are Base-64 encoded outputs (without header
lines). This may be used to retrieve certificates from a server. However the output format is not very well suited if more than one
certificate is returned.
--url
-u Modify the lookup and load-crl commands to take an URL.
--local
-l Let the lookup command only search the local cache.
--squid-mode
Run dirmngr-client in a mode suitable as a helper program for Squid's external_acl_type option.
SEE ALSO
dirmngr(1), gpgsm(1)
The full documentation for this tool is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If dirmngr and the info program are properly installed at your
site, the command
info dirmngr
should give you access to the complete manual including a menu structure and an index.
Dirmngr 1.1.0 2012-04-04 DIRMNGR-CLIENT(1)